近百年来淤成土断代的210Pbex蓄积-衰变模型

基于210Pbex沉降到地面后的径流流失、土壤中蓄积和衰变的物理过程，建立淤成土的210Pbex蓄积-衰变模型，使用Fortran语言，求解模型参数并实现模型界面的可视化；在贡嘎山海螺沟冰川退缩迹地、云南盈江浑水沟泥石流迹地和黄河三角洲滩地等地，采集210Pbex本底值和已知泥沙淤积年代的淤成土土壤剖面样品，测定210Pbex含量，求算210Pbex本底值和不同年代淤成土的210Pbex面积活度；利用淤成土年限，验证210Pbex累积-衰变模型，求算模型中的径流流失系数b、c值。这一国内外首创的简便、可靠的淤成土断代技术，可应用于近百年来前卫星遥感图像时期的淤成土的断代。

Based on physical processes of losses with runoff, accumulation and decay in soil after its deposition on the ground, a 210Pbex accumulation-decay model is established for the sediment soils, the model parameters are solved by using Fortran language and the Model interfaces are visualized. Sediment soil samples in profile are collected from glacial retreat land in Hailuogou, Mt.Gongga, debris flow terrace land and delta land with known sedimentation ages in Hunshuigou,Yinjiang County, Yunnan land of Yellow River, and 210Pbex activities of the samples are measured to obtained the nuclide reference inventories in the regions and the inventories of the sediment soils with the different ages. The established model is verified with the known sedimentation ages and the runoff loss coefficients of b and c also are derived from the ages. The convenient and reliable dating technique of sediment soils is developed first time in the world and it can be used for dating the sediment soils in last 100 years, particularly, before the remote sensing image appeared in the region.