2 型糖尿病是常见的代谢性疾病，其病因和发病机制尚未完全阐明。研究表明，脂质毒性在胰岛素抵抗发生和发展过程中有着非常重要的作用，能够诱导外周组织器官异位脂肪蓄积诱导胰岛素抵抗，最终发展为整体的胰岛素抵抗。菰米属于全谷物，其营养特征和食用历史提示菰米可能具有改善糖脂代谢的作用。申请者前期实验表明，菰米能够降低血脂、改善高脂膳食诱导的大鼠脂肪肝。因此我们推测，菰米可能通过降低循环系统的游离脂肪酸及其代谢产物，改善机体的炎性水平，从而降低外周组织的脂质毒性，抑制胰岛素抵抗的发生和进一步发展。本研究通过动物试验和人群膳食干预研究，利用免疫组织化学、western blot、实时定量PCR等方法，从整体水平和分子水平研究脂质毒性诱导胰岛素抵抗过程中，炎性因子水平和脂肪因子水平的变化，以及菰米调控脂质毒性改善胰岛素抵抗的作用和相关机制，从而为营养干预防治糖尿病提供新的靶点和理论依据。

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disease, and its etiology and pathogenesis is not yet fully elucidated. Studies have shown that lipotoxicity has a very important role in the occurrence and development of insulin resistance. Lipotoxicity can lead to the development of ectopic lipid stores in metabolically relevant tissues and induce insulin resistance in these tissues, and ultimately the development of insulin resistance as a whole. Wild rice are whole grains, and their nutrition characteristics and consumption history prompt that wild rice may improve glucose and lipid metabolism. Our previous study showed that wild rice can decrease serum lipid profiles and ameliorate fatty liver in rats induced by high fat and cholesterol diet. Therefore, we hypothesized that wild rice may improve lipotoxicity of peripheral tissue and inhibit insulin resistance and further development by reducing the circulating free fatty acids and their metabolites, and decreasing inflammatory factors level. In this study, animal experiment and dietary intervention for patients with impaired glucose tolerance will be adopted, and using immunohistochemistry, western blot, real-time quantitative PCR method to study the changes of inflammatory factors and adipokines levels in the process of lipotoxicity-induced insulin resistance. As well as to reveal the effects of Chinese wild rice on regulating lipotoxicity to improve insulin resistance and related mechanisms, consequently provide new targets and theoretical basis for nutrition prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.