水下不确定性环境中广义秩信源凸优化稳健波束形成与方位估计研究

当前，基于传统波束形成和方位估计的水下目标远程感知技术受诸多瓶颈制约，如何进一步提高水下不确定性环境下的阵列处理性能是当前迫切需要突破的重要研究方向。本课题密切结合复杂海洋环境水下远程目标感知的迫切需求，并结合“水下通信与探测”国家自然科学基金重点项目群的研究内容，率先开展水下不确定性环境中广义秩信源凸优化稳健波束形成与方位估计研究，拟提出基于空间功率谱匹配、信号自消以及延迟快拍的水下远程目标凸优化稳健阵列处理新方法，以期突破复杂海洋环境对水下目标远程感知能力的制约，提升水下目标远程感知方法的实用化水平。同时拟通过水池（或湖上）试验研究对所提方法加以验证和完善，并研制方法先进和功能完善的广义秩信源凸优化稳健波束形成与方位估计软硬件系统，为该方向研究工作的深入开展提供有力工具。该项目的研究成果可应用于声纳、水下精确制导、海洋地质勘探等领域，也可推广用于雷达、通信和导航等相关领域。

Currently, long-distance underwater target sensing based on conventional beamforming and direction of arrival estimation has been approaching bottleneck and how to improve the performance of array processing in uncertain underwater environment is an urgent task for the researchers all around the world. Based on the National Natural Science Fund Key Project Group for underwater communication and detection, this research project aims to meet the increasing need on long-distance underwater target sensing in complex ocean environment, and is about to introduce general-rank source model and convex optimization to the robust adaptive beamforming and direction of arrival estimation in the uncertain underwater environment. And thus, some novel spatial spectrum matching based robust adaptive beamforming techniques are proposed, while several new methods of direction of arrival estimation are studied based on signal self-nulling and delay snapshot. By this way, the constraints of conventional target sensing in uncertain underwater environment are expected to overcome, and meanwhile the practical application of long-distance underwater target sensing is enhanced. The proposed methods will be verified and improved by tank tests (or lake experiments). The signal processing software and hardware systems of robust adaptive beamforming and direction of arrival estimation for underwater general-rank signal models will be founded and investigated, and the systems can provide powerful support to research deeply. The achievements of this project will be used to sonar, underwater navigation, geological exploration and other fields. And also, these results can be extended for radar, communications, navigation and other related fields.