高产稳产是作物育种的长久目标，但由于作物产量和抗性往往具有一定的补偿效应，如何在不利条件下保持高产是育种工作的重大挑战。DLT是控制水稻株型和粒型的关键基因。前期研究中，我们通过酵母双杂交筛选到DLT互作蛋白TLG1，并鉴定到其调控的候选靶基因TLG2，发现TLG1可富集在TLG2的启动子上调控其表达。多种分析表明TLG1和TLG2以及DLT均参与对水稻籽粒大小和高盐胁迫反应的调控，其中TLG1过表达不仅可显著增加水稻粒长粒重和单株产量，还可大大增强对高盐胁迫的抗性，具有重要的应用潜力。在此基础上，本项目将结合多种手段进一步完善这一遗传途径，深入分析三者之间的作用关系和调控机理，探索其促进水稻粒重和抗性的细胞学与生理学基础及分子机制，并评估这些组分在水稻产量和抗性改良上的应用价值。研究结果对于理解产量和抗性之间的关系并提高育种效率具有重要理论和实践意义。

To keep a stable high yield even under adverse conditions is one of the permanent pursuits of crop breeding. However, it is also a great challenge due to the compensation effect between the yield and the resistance. DLT is a key gene regulating plant architecture and grain shape. In our pilot studies, we obtained TLG1 (Tolerant and Large Grain 1), a DLT-interacting protein by yeast two hybrid screening, and further identified TLG2, a candidate target gene of TLG1. TLG1 was found to be abundantly enriched on the promoter region of TLG2 to regulate its expression. Additional analyses revealed that both TLG1 and TLG2 as well as DLT are involved in regulation of both grain development and salt stress response. Importantly, TLG1 overexpression not only enhanced the grain length, grain weight, and grain yield per plant, but can also significantly improve the plant resistance to high salt treatment, suggesting its great potential in crop improvement. Based on these results, this project intends to further complete the genetic pathway utilizing multiple approaches, to analyze the relationship among the three genes, to reveal how they regulate each other and how they are able to simultaneously enhance the grain weight and stress resistance at cellular and physiological levels. Finally, we will evaluate the practical values of these genes in improving crop yield under adverse conditions. Research achievements will enhance our current understanding of the relationship between yield and resistance, and provide the feasibility for breeding rice with both high and stable yield.