一维纳米材料与基底之间吸附能的定量测量及其机理研究

一维纳米材料因优异的理化性能而成为构建各种微/纳功能器件的基本单元。一维纳米材料的表面吸附，不但在一维纳米材料的合成、组装、操纵和应用等多个环节中扮演着十分重要的角色，而且也为表面物理和表面化学等基础学科的研究提供了一个理想的模型系统。然而，由于技术上的困难，人们很难准确表征出这种一维界面上的吸附能，因此也就无法深入探究和理解其起源机制。本项目中，我们拟开展如下研究：建立光学纳米剥离方法，定量测量单根一维纳米材料与基底之间的吸附能；探究单根一维纳米材料的吸附能与接触基底的界面特性（材质、尺寸、粗糙度和陈化时间）和测试条件（温度和湿度）的定量依赖关系；探究一维界面上的吸附能与范德华力、毛细力和静电力等物理起源之间的定量关系。该项研究的实施，不仅有助于人们深入理解和解释一维纳米材料与宏观材料的表面吸附能之间存在的巨大差异，而且对微/纳功能器件的设计和纳米结构的表面作用力调控具有重要的现实意义。

One-dimensional nanomaterials (1DNMs) have been served as the fundamental building blocks for fabricating various micro/nano-scaled devices, due to their unique physical and chemical properties. Surface adhesion of 1DNMs not only plays an important role on their preparation, assembly, manipulation and applications, but also provides an ideal model system for the fundamental research of surface physics and surface chemistry. However, due to the difficulties originated from the measurement, it is a significant challenge to accurate characterize this surface force at the one-dimensional interface, and thus is quite hard to understand the underlying origins. In this project, the following research points will be included: to establish an optical nano-peel-off test for accurately measuring the adhesion between individual 1DNMs and substrates, to investigate the dependence of the adhesion between 1DNMs and substrates on the interfacial properties (materials, sizes, roughness and aging) and the testing conditions (temperature and humidity), to establish the dependence of the one-dimensional adhesion on the origins, such as van der Waals force, capillary and electrostatic force, and so on. The project is not only quite important for understanding the underlying mechanisms for the significant differences of the adhesion between 1DNMs and bulk materials, and also for designing micro/nano-scaled devices and tuning the surface forces of nanostructures.