板栗抗虫品种受栗瘿蜂侵染的过敏性反应及抗性响应

栗瘿蜂是栗属植物的专性害虫，也是我国板栗栽培区域最重要的虫害之一。本项目组前期筛选的板栗抗虫品种‘沭河无瘿栗’，被观察到其顶芽受栗瘿蜂侵染后可能含有栗瘿蜂虫卵，但随着芽体萌发没有形成虫瘿的现象，因此我们提出板栗抗虫品种在栗瘿蜂胁迫时存在“过敏性反应”以抵御幼虫继续侵袭的假说。过敏性反应是植物受到生物胁迫发生不亲和状态时的局部防卫反应，表现为快速积累活性氧物质，并诱发细胞程序性死亡。本项目拟利用细胞化学技术，系统研究板栗抗虫品种与栗瘿蜂互作时活性氧代谢积累，特异性定位防御相关酶等在细胞表面或细胞中的分布状况；同时利用高通量测序技术，重点探讨抗虫品种受栗瘿蜂胁迫后芽萌发不同阶段的基因表达谱差异，分析受虫害胁迫前后基因转录水平变化及活性氧代谢通路变化，以期在理论上阐明板栗抗虫品种对栗瘿蜂的早期防御应答机制。本项目的完成，对指导栗瘿蜂防控、板栗品种抗性的遗传改良等具有重要的理论意义和实践价值。

Abstract：The chestnut gall wasp is one of the main pests of the genus Castanea, and it became the major cause of reduction of chestnut forest productivity in China. Castanea mollissima cultivar ‘Shuhe WYL’, a gall wasp resistant variety bred by our team previously, was observed that its dormant buds may contain eggs or larvae , but there was no gall development after budburst. A hypothesis of the existence of a hypersensitive reaction (HR) in this resistant cultivar was proposed. HR in plants is induced by the production of Reactive Oxygen Species(ROS), and results in the programmed cell death. Staining and electron microscopic cytochemistry technique will be used to detect the presence of ROS in chestnut buds, and cellular localization of defense related enzymes. Futhermore, we plan to use the technology of transcriptome sequencing to study the transcriptome in buds infected by gall wasp. Based on bioinformatics analysis, genetic changes in different stages of buds sprouting at the transcriptional level and ROS metabolism pathway would be detailedly explained. Moreover, this study will provide a new target for managing gall wasp and breeding new resistance genotype in the future.