OsTFS1调控水稻温敏雌性不育的分子机制及其在杂交水稻制种中的应用研究

将水稻雄性不育系和雌性不育恢复系混播混收可实现全程机械化制种，光温敏雌性不育恢复系是实现这一过程的关键及核心。然而迄今未见有一例关于光温敏雌性不育株的报道，对雌性不育水稻响应光温恢复育性的分子机理更是一无所知。本项目前期鉴定到一株温敏雌性不育水稻，利用图位克隆及MutMap技术首次克隆到一个水稻温敏雌性不育基因（OsTFS1）。研究表明tfs1突变体雌蕊和胚囊发育正常，但是双受精过程受阻。基于此，本项目拟采用多组学关联分析法对tfs1突变体进行研究，同时采用Pull down和RIP等技术筛选TFS1的互作因子，使用正向和反向遗传学等技术进一步揭示OsTFS1调控水稻雌性不育的分子机理。此外，本项目将根据tfs1突变基因的特点，利用回交和基因编辑技术分别创造温敏雌性不育恢复系。本项目的结果不仅对水稻生殖发育、雌性不育机理研究有重要的科学意义，而且对推动杂交制种技术的发展也具有重要实践意义。

Mixed seeding of rice male sterility line and female sterility restore line is an ideal way for fully mechanized hybrid rice seed production, in which photoperiod thermo-sensitive female sterility (PTFS) line plays a key role. However, up to now, there has not been a single case of PTFS line reported, much less about the molecular mechanism of PTFS gene in regulating rice female fertility. Fortunately, we have identified a thermo-sensitive female sterile (TFS) rice in field and successfully cloned the first rice thermo-sensitive female sterility gene, named OsTFS1, by using map-base cloning and MutMap sequencing technology. Our cell biological study results revealed that development of pistil and embryo sac of tfs1 mutant were normal, whereas double fertilization was blocked in this mutant. In this study, multi-omics association analysis technology as well as Pull down and RNA Immunoprecipitation (RIP) will be used to identify interacting candidates of OsTFS1 gene and regulating mechanism on phenotype of tfs1 mutant. Other forward genetic and reverse genetic technologies will also be utilized to further reveal the molecular mechanism of OsTFS1 on female sterility. Besides, different rice thermo-sensitive female sterility restore lines will be constructed by using backcrossing and by gene editing according to the mutation manner of tfs1 mutant. The outcome of this research shall help us better understand the genetic control of rice reproductive processes and the mechanism of female sterility with an application value in hybrid rice breeding.