淮河流域典型湖沼湿地演变过程及景观复原研究（1495-1947年）

历史时期淮河流域发育了众多湖沼湿地，它们在调蓄洪水、涵养水源、改善局地气候等方面发挥了重要作用。受1495-1947年间黄河泛滥和人类圈圩影响，淮河流域湿地退化和功能丧失现象严重，对生态安全和可持续发展构成较大隐患。本项目拟选择淮河干流行蓄洪区、里下河湿地、沂沭河下游湿地等几处典型区域，以GIS为基础技术平台，以历史文献、古地图、近代实测地图等资料为依据，结合多源遥感数据分析、剖面（钻孔）采样分析，运用区域历史地理研究的"水平横剖面法"，通过典型地区、不同时段的湖沼地貌形态对比，结合平原区水系格局变迁过程的复原与分析，复原各典型区域湖沼湿地不同演化阶段的岸线位置、湿地规模；阐明各典型湿地演化过程和机理；揭示黄河洪水对淮河流域湿地演变的影响；复原历史时期的湿地景观。这对淮河流域湿地修复、绿色蓄洪具有重要的理论和实际意义。

In the historical period, wetlands developed in the Huaihe River Basin played a vital role in flood control, water storage, and amelioration of the local atmospheric conditions. Affected by the flooding of the Yellow River and human habitation during 1495-1947, wetlands in the Huaihe River Basin become vestigial and disable which caused great risks to ecological security and sustainable development nowadays. This research project is on the environmental changes and the human's impacts in several typical areas such as the mainstream of the Huaihe River, the Lixiahe Plain and the lower reaches of the Yishu River in the past 500 years. Data from historical materials will be used for reconstructing the past regional natural landscapes. The GIS technology will be applied to form the working platform for comparing historical records with data from the remote sensors, paleo-ecology, geomorphology, and the quaternary sediment to ensure the accuracy of the reconstruction. As long as the temporal series of horizontal cross sections of the regional natural landscapes in different period have been reconstructed, the whole changing process of the environment in the research region will be showed. The objectives of this project are to ascertain the formation, evolution and driving mechanism of wetlands in Huaihe River Basin ; reveal the relationship between them and the Yellow River. This work will provide consulting information for those who are concerned about the restoration and green detention of the wetland system in Huaihe River Basin as well as present the feasibility of restoring the historical landscapes.