青藏高原史前文化分区及交流路线与环境

青藏高原是全球自然环境最为极端的区域之一，人类对其占据与开发具有特殊性，并引起学术界的广泛关注。高原地域辽阔，目前对区域分支文化发展脉络、彼此间相互作用及与环境的关系尚不明了，尤其是相互交流与迁移的线路研究还非常薄弱。本项目采用野外调查与采样、实验与集成分析相结合的方法，发挥GIS/RS分析优势，建立高原西部、西南部的细石器遗址年代框架与序列，研究青藏高原自旧石器末期至青铜时代的史前文化类型与环境背景，划分文化区系，分析不同文化的演变与交流；根据考古遗址与地理因子采用GIS模拟交流路径，构建高原内外不同文化分区之间的交流路线的走向、证据、成因及意义，探讨不同区域文化产生分异的环境因素，分析环境对交流与迁移线路的可能影响。从而揭示人类对青藏高原极端环境的扩张与征服的艰辛历程。

The Tibet Plateau is one of the regions where there are most extreme natural environment, the colonization and exploitation of human is specific, which has aroused academia’s wide concern. The plateau has a vast territory, at present, it is unknown for the process of development of regional cultural branches, their interaction and the relationship with environment, especially for the interaction and migratory route. This project uses method combining field investigation and sampling, experiment and integration analysis, bring superiority GIS/RS into full play, establish chronological framework and sequence of microlithic sites in the western and southwest Tibetan Plateau, research the prehistoric culture styles and environmental background from upper paleolithic to Bronze Age in Tibet Plateau, divide cultural areas, analyze the evolution and exchange of different cultures; According to archaeological sites and geographical factors, use GIS to simulate communication path, structure the move towards, evidence, cause and significance of communication route among different cultural areas surrounding the plateau, discuss the environmental factor of differentiation of different culture areas, analyze the influence of environment on communication and migratory route. It will be favorable to reveal the arduous course of expansion and conquering of human on the Tibet Plateau.