关节软骨损伤后的自我修复能力低下。自体软骨细胞移植技术为软骨损伤治疗带来希望。然而，软骨细胞来源有限，扩增容易出现表型丢失（去分化）；成份和结构仿生化的支架材料需要进一步优化。课题组拟针对以上难题，结合前期微流控芯片、软骨脱细胞及支架制备技术，进行以下探索性研究：利用脱细胞软骨制备成份和结构双重仿生的取向支架，对其进行体内外生物学评价；扩增软骨细胞并接种到取向支架上形成复合体，利用微流控芯片技术对细胞/支架复合体加载仿生关节软骨生物学微环境的"双相"压应力，通过蛋白多糖及Ⅱ型/Ⅰ型胶原蛋白定量检测，来筛选最佳的压力刺激强度，探讨对软骨细胞增殖及其表型的影响；根据测定的最佳压力强度梯度，对细胞/支架复合体应力刺激后，行自体软骨细胞/取向支架复合体修复兔关节软骨缺损模型，评价应力刺激下该复合体对软骨缺损的修复效果。探讨其在软骨组织工程应用的可行性。为临床应用提供理论与技术基础。

Articular cartilage is a tissue with a limited capacity for self-repairs after lesion. The autologous chondrocyte transplantation (ACT) is a hopefully medical therapy to restore articular cartilage lesion.However, autologous chondrocyte has been used to repair articular cartilage defects, but limited cell supply and dedifferentiation remains an issue.We need to be research the scaffold with biomimetic composition and structure.To aim directly at above-mentioned difficulties and according to related researches of Microfluidic、decellularized cartilage and fabrication of oriented scaffold，our research team plan to make a exploratory study as follows: The ECM origined from decellularized cartilage was fabricated into tissue engineering cartilage scaffold with biomimetic composition and orientation structure. The microstructure and property of oriented scaffold was assessed biologically in vivo and in vitro; The amplified chondrocytes were inoculated into the oriented scaffold and to form complex.The complex of chondrocytes/oriented scaffold was loaded by diphasic compressive stress origined from Microfluidic device. The compressive stress was biomimetic with the microenvironment of articular cartilage. The optimal compressive stress intensity gradient was detected by the quantity of proteoglycans and collagen Ⅱ and Ⅰ.We investigate the results of diphasic compressive stress influence on the chondrocyte proliferation and phenotype; After being stimulation by optimal compressive stress intensity gradient, autologous chondrocyte/oriented scaffold complex was transplanted into the defect of rabbit knee joint. We investigate the results of chondrocyte/oriented scaffold complex being stimulation by diphasic compressive stress influence on the defect restore. We investigated the feasibility that the chondrocyte/oriented scaffold complex being stimulation by diphasic compressive stress could be applied as tissue engineering cartilage. The experimental results provided theoretical and technological base for clinical application.