扩散渗析是目前公认的最有经济前景的酸回收方法，但是它的大规模应用受限于较低的处理量，这是由于所用阴离子交换膜酸渗析系数较低所致。根据溶解-扩散原理，传统阴离子交换膜由于致密的结构，其内部自由空间体积较小，离子在膜中的传输阻力较大，因此酸渗析系数较低。受此启发，本项目拟选用内部具有较大自由空间体积的多孔膜为基体，对多孔膜进行交联改性以避免离子泄露并实现对离子的选择性截留，对多孔膜进行荷正电改性赋予膜离子传导能力。很明显，通过多孔膜为基体制备的多孔阴离子交换膜，由于其内部较大的自由空间体积，可以有效降低离子在膜中的传输阻力，从而提高其酸渗析系数。另外，本项目将通过控制膜制备过程的各个条件来调控膜的微观结构和扩散渗析性能，从而阐明其离子传输和离子截留机制。可预期地，通过本项目，有望制备出一种具有高扩散渗析性能尤其是高酸渗析系数的多孔交联阴离子膜，极大促进我国废酸资源化产业的快速发展。

Diffusion dialysis is recognized as the most economically promising technology for acid recovery, however, its large-scale application is limited by the low process capacity, resulting from the low acid dialysis coefficient of the employed anion exchange membranes. According to the solution-diffusion model, the traditional anion exchange membranes are always dense in the microstructure and low in the free space volume, and therefore the resistance for the ion transport are strong. Inspired by this, this project will select the porous membrane with large free space volume as the support. This porous support will then be crosslinked to avoid the ion leakage and then the selective rejection of different ions will be feasible, moreover, the support will be positively charged modified to offer the membrane with the ability for ion transport. Obviously, the membrane prepared based on the porous support will have abundant free space volume in the matrix, tremendously reducing the resistance of ion transport and consequently improving the acid dialysis coefficient. Besides, the different conditions of the membranes preparation will be adjusted and the consequential microstructure and diffusion dialysis performance will be investigated, this will help to understand the ion transport and rejection mechanisms in the novel porous and crosslinked anion exchange membranes. It can be expected that an in-depth study of this project will provide a porous and crosslinked ion exchange membrane with high diffusion dialysis performance especially the high acid dialysis coefficient, and greatly promoting the development of recycling industry of the waste acid in China.