鉴于昆虫扩散多型在进化发育生物学和农业科学研究中的重要性，昆虫扩散多型的适应意义和调控机理一直是基础生物学研究的热点。昆虫扩散多型包括三种类型：飞行行为多型、飞行肌多型和翅多型。其中，飞行行为多型，尤其是翅多型昆虫的飞行行为多型现象的研究极少。本项目拟以长颚斗蟋为对象，建立扩散型和居留型遗传系，研究扩散型和居留型成虫的形态和生理学差异，探讨其飞行行为多型的适应意义；通过液质联用法检测不同扩散型雌成虫体内的保幼激素滴度变化规律，结合外源激素处理对其飞行和繁殖的影响研究，阐明保幼激素对其雌成虫飞行和繁殖的调控机理；通过转录组测序技术，对羽化后不同阶段的扩散型、居留型及短翅型雌成虫飞行肌、卵巢和脂肪体中的基因表达谱进行比较分析，筛选其调控飞行和繁殖的关键基因。研究结果将为解释昆虫扩散行为的进化及种内多型性维持机制提供新依据，为防治具扩散多型现象的农林害虫提供新的思路。

In view of the importance of dispersal polymorphism in evolutionary developmental biology and agricultural science research, the evolutionary significance and physiological control mechanism of this phenomenon have become hotspots in basic biology research. Dispersal polymorphism includes three types: flight behavior polymorphism, flight muscle polymorphism, and wing polymorphism. There are a great number of reports on wing polymorphism of insects, but very few studies on flight bebavior polymorphism, especially the flight behavior polymorphism in wing polymorphic insects. The cricket species Velarifictorus aspersus Walker displays distinct wing dimorphism - individuals are either micropterous with much degenerate wings or macropterous with fully developed wings. Our preliminary experiments showed that macropterous adults also exhibited different flight behavior, and the fighting strategy varied between macropterous and micropterous males when competing for different resources. In this project, we plan to investigate the morphological and physiological characteristics of mobile and sedentary macropterous V. aspersus so as to elucidate the evolutionary significance of flight behavior polymorphism. To explore the underlying mechanism of juvenile hormone (JH) control of flight and reproduction, diurnal variation of haemolymph JH titer in mobile and sedentary macropterous females and micropterous females will be analyzed by using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method, and effect of exogenous JH on the synthesis of flight fuels and reproductive development in mobile and sedentary macropterous females will be examined. In order to identify the key genes involved in flight and reproductive development, we will perform de novo transcriptome assembly and gene expression analysis using short-read sequencing technology combined with a tag-based digital gene expression system to compare gene expression profiles from flight muscles, fat body, and ovary in the mobile and sedentary macropterous females and micropterous females at different stage of adulthood. This research will provide new insights for understanding the evolution of dispersal polymorphism and maintaining mechanism of intraspecific polymorphism, and it will also be instructive for management of pests presenting dispersal dimorphism.