北太平洋-西北冰洋有机磷酸酯（OPEs）的海-气交换和深海传输过程：机制、通量及影响因素

北极地区已不再是远离人类污染的净土，近年来北极气候快速变化、北极航道开通以及北极资源可利用预期的提升将使这个脆弱的生态系统受人类活动产生污染物影响的程度和风险日渐升级。继多种溴代阻燃剂加入斯德哥尔摩公约后，有机磷酸酯（OPEs）作为替代品，生产和使用量日益增加，而OPEs在北极多个环境介质被检出引起人们对OPEs成为全球传输污染物的担忧。本研究以北太平洋－西北冰洋为研究区域，分析OPEs在大气、表层海水和融雪中的含量，估算OPEs的气－水交换通量和颗粒物干沉降通量, 并创新性地将污染物被动采样聚乙烯膜加载在深海锚锭观测系统上，分析OPEs在楚科奇海台各层水体的垂直剖面组成，同时通过分析楚科奇海台分层颗粒物捕获装置中OPEs的含量，估算颗粒相OPEs的垂直沉降通量和再矿化速率，探讨温盐环流、“生物泵”耦合、冰雪消融等关键过程对OPEs海－气交换和深海传输的影响。

The Arctic is no longer a pristine area. Recently, the global warming process, opening of the Arctic channel and exploration of the Arctic resources will lead to the increasing risk and influence of anthropogenic pollutants on this vulnerable ecosystem. As alternatives of brominated flame retardants (BFRs), the production and usage of organophosphate esters (OPEs) has increased significantly since several BFRs are listed as persistent organic pollutants (POPs) of the Stockholm Convention. While OPEs has been detected in several Arctic compartments, indicating their potential of global cycling. This project will focus on the geochemical process of OPEs in the North Pacific and the Arctic. Firstly, the occurrence of OPEs in atmosphere, surface seawater and thaw snow samples will be analyzed, and their atmospheric dry deposition / air-sea gas exchange fluxes will be estimated. Secondly, polyethylene passive samplers will be attached on the deep-sea mooring system to obtain the vertical profile of OPEs in the Chukchi Plateau. Thirdly, the vertical sedimentation flux and re-mineralization rate of OPEs will be estimated based on their occurrence in the stratified particulates of the Chukchi Plateau. Finally, the influence of thermohaline circulation, biological bump and snow-melt runoff on the air-sea interaction and deep sea fate of OPEs will also be discussed. This project will not only contribute to the basic data for developing multi-media model, but also be meaningful for global cycling and ecological risk assessment of OPEs.