我国矿井巷道广泛采用的锚杆支护属于拉力集中型，其杆体-锚固剂-围岩之间的剪应力沿轴向分布不均匀，在锚固段外端存在严重的应力集中现象，锚固体易发生渐进式破坏，导致锚杆整体失效。而拉力分散型锚杆可以显著改善锚固段受力状态，应力分布更加均匀。申请人已发明了适用于矿井巷道的拉力分散型锚杆专利技术，但其拉伸性能及锚固机理尚不明晰。基于结构力学原理，解析该锚杆结构特征、技术参数，模拟分析其结构参数之间的协调关系，建立基于变形协调的结构参数设计模型；利用室内锚杆拉拔和锚固性能试验，分析杆体直径与孔径的匹配关系，建立围压-剪切作用下其极限承载力和锚固界面剪应力传递规律模型；设计多因素正交试验，研究围岩变形随锚固参数变化的协同响应规律，建立锚固参数之间的协同模型，揭示其协同围岩大变形锚固机理；现场监测其锚固支护效果。研究成果有助于丰富矿井巷道锚杆锚固机理，为大变形巷道关键锚固参数设计提供理论依据。

The bolting supports widely used in mine roadways in China belong to the type of tension concentration, and the shear stress between the bolts, anchoring agent and surrounding rock is non-uniformly along the axial direction. There exists a serious stress concentration phenomenon at the outer ends of the anchoring sections, and the anchoring body would be easily failed gradually, causing the whole bolt failure. The stress state of the anchoring section could be significantly improved by the tension-dispersive bolt, which is distributed more uniformly. The patented technology of tension-dispersed bolt suitable for mine roadways has been proposed by the applicant, but the tensile performance and the anchoring mechanism are still not clear. Based on the structural mechanics principle, the structural characteristics and technological parameters of bolt are analyzed, and the coordination relation of the structural parameters is studied, and the structural parameters design model is established based on the deformation coordination. With the lab bolt drawing and anchoring performance tests, analyze the matching relationship of the bolt diameter and borehole diameter, establishing the model of ultimate bearing capacity and shear stress transfer mechanism under the action of confining pressure and shear. Designing multi-factor orthogonal test, the coordinative response rule of the surrounding rock deformation with the change of anchoring parameters is researched, and the coordination model of the anchoring parameters is established, and the large-shape anchoring mechanism in coordinating surrounding rock is revealed. The anchoring effect is monitoring through field tests. The research achievements contribute to enrich the mine roadway bolt anchoring mechanism, and provide theoretical reference for the key anchoring parameter design of the large-shape roadway.