白云鄂博矿床是世界级超大型Nb-Fe-REE多金属矿床，其成因机制是矿床学领域研究的热点之一，研究的核心问题是成矿元素的富集-沉淀机制。目前，关于白云鄂博原生铁矿床的成因仍然存在较大争议，包括：沉积-变质、海底喷流沉积、岩浆熔离、岩浆热液交代等多个成因观点，各观点之间相互矛盾，影响了成矿模式的建立。针对以上问题，本项目拟重点对白云鄂博矿床磁铁矿的成因机制进行研究。在精细识别矿化期次、矿物共生组合规律以及各世代磁铁矿物理特征的基础上，利用LA-ICP-MS技术对各世代磁铁矿的化学成分进行原位微区定量分析，查明不同世代磁铁矿的主微量元素特征，进而分析其成因及所形成的物理化学条件。预期成果可揭示白云鄂博矿床铁元素富集-沉淀的规律，完善矿床成矿模式，为区域铁矿床的勘查提供科学支撑。

The Bayan Obo is a world-class superlarge Nb-Fe-REE polymetallic deposit. The genetic mechanism of Bayan Obo deposit is one of the international hot issues, of which the most important problem is the enrichment and precipitation mechanism of ore forming elements. At present, there are still great controversies about the genesis of the iron ore deposits in Bayan Obo, including sedimentation-metamorphic genesis, submarine exhalative-sedimentary genesis, magmatic liquation and magmatic hydrothermal metasomatic genesis, which are inconsistent to each other and affect the establishment of the metallogenic model. In the light of the problems above, this project intends to focus on the study of the genesis of magnetite in the Bayan Obo deposit. In this project, based on detailed study and identification of mineralization stages, mineral assemblages and physical characteristics of magnetite in each mineralization stage, in-situ LA-ICP-MS trace element composition analysis of magnetite from each stage will be carried out, and try to ascertain the major and trace elements characteristics of magnetite in each stage, thus analyze the genesis of magnetite as well as its ore-forming physicochemical conditions. We aim to uncovered the enrichment and precipitation mechanism of iron in the Bayan Obo deposit, fullfill the metallogenetic process of the deposit, and also to provide guidance for exploration of the iron deposits in the area.