高温胁迫条件下水稻调控花药开裂的遗传网络解析

全球气候变暖、局部短期异常高温热害已经成为影响我国水稻生产的主要自然灾害之一，提高水稻耐热性是水稻生产中亟待解决的关键问题。水稻抽穗开花期是高温最敏感的时期，涉及的生物过程颇为复杂；水稻抽穗开花期高温胁迫导致花药开裂异常、不能正常授精而形成空壳粒，是导致水稻减产甚至绝产的重要原因。为了解析高温胁迫下水稻调控花药开裂的遗传网络，本项目以高温胁迫条件下花药开裂正常的水稻种质“华占”和高温胁迫条件下花药开裂异常的“IR64“为材料，采用多组学（全转录组、蛋白质组和代谢组）技术分析并构建高温条件下水稻调控花药开裂的遗传网络，挖掘遗传网络中及其上游的关键调控因子；验证关键调控因子在调控水稻花药开裂中的生物学功能，为培育抽穗扬花期对高温气候钝感的优良水稻新品种提供选择标记，为揭示高温胁迫条件下水稻调控花药开裂的分子机制研究奠定基础。

Global warming, with short-term and frequency extreme high temperature, became one of major disaster for rice production in our country, and improvement the heat-tolerance of rice is being the key questions to resolve. Rice at flowering stage is the most sensitive period to high temperature stress, and the biological process of rice in response to the stress is very complexity. Anther abnormal dehiscence, leads to unfertilized caryopsis, is the major causes for yield reduction and even harvestless of rice under high temperature stress. In order to further study the molecular mechanism and genetic network behind anther dehiscence regulated by rice exposed to high temperature stress, the rice germplasm “Huazhan” which has anther normal dehiscence trait and “IR64” which has anther normal dehiscence trait would used as plant materials, and multi-omics methods would be applied to analyze and construct the genetic network of anther dehiscence regulated by rice under high temperature stress. The key regulating factors in the network would be further excavated and its biological functions involving in regulating anther dehiscence would be further verified. The results might provide molecular markers for breeding high yield and good quality rice varieties, and study basis on molecular mechanism behind anther dehiscence regulated by rice under high temperature stress.