物种多样性、功能多样性与生产力关系的尺度依赖效应——以内蒙古中温性草原为例

生物多样性与生态系统功能关系是近年来生态学研究的热点问题之一，研究生产力对生物多样性的响应是探讨生物多样性与生态系统功能关系的有效途径。本研究以内蒙古中温性草原为研究区，通过植被调查、土壤分析、气候因子空间模拟获得各样地物种多样性、功能多样性、生产力（高峰期地上现存生物量）及环境因子（土壤因子和气候因子）数据，并在局地、景观、亚区域及区域四个空间尺度下，分析物种多样性与功能多样性间，两种多样性分别与环境因子及生产力的关系。拟解决如下3个科学问题：（1）不同空间尺度，影响物种多样性及功能多样性的主导环境因子是什么？（2）不同空间尺度，物种多样是否与功能多样性共同变化？（3）不同空间尺度，物种多样性、功能多样性与生产力的关系如何，哪种多样性与生产力关系更密切？在丰富多样性与生产力关系理论研究的同时，为草地资源合理利用及受损生态系统恢复提供科学支持，具有理论及实践的双重意义。

The relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning has been the important research problem in ecology. Primary productivity of ecosystems is often regarded to as the integrative measure of ecosystem functioning. We can, therefore, gain much understanding about biodiversity -ecosystem functioning relationships by studying responses of primary productivity to changes in biodiversity. We propose to conduct vegetation surveys and collect data on plant species and functional diversities, primary productivity (peak above-ground biomass), and environmental factors (soil characteristics and climatic factors) in the Inner Mongolia temperate grassland biome. These datasets will allow us to explore relationships between the two kinds of biodiversity (species and functional diversity) with environmental factors. Importantly we propose to study this biodiversity-productivity relationship at four spatial scales - local, landscape, sub-regional, and regional. Three important questions will be addressed by our study. (1) What is the role of environmental factors in explaining the two kinds of biodiversity at four spatial scales? (2) How species diversity relates to functional diversity across the four spatial scales? (3) What are the forms of relationships between species diversity and productivity and functional diversity and productivity at the four spatial scales? Whether it is species diversity or functional diversity that is most important in determining productivity at the four scales? Our study is expected to make significant contributions and advance our understanding of the research problem. On the one hand, it will contribute to the theory of biodiversity-productivity relationship. On the other hand, the study is going to provide scientific support for the development of strategies of rational uses of grassland resources and restoration of damaged grassland ecosystems.