叶蝉IMD/p38 MAPK免疫信号通路调控水稻病毒持久增殖及病毒与共生菌协同入卵的机制

在叶蝉传毒过程中，水稻病毒除需要克服昆虫各种组织和膜屏障外，还需要克服昆虫抗病毒天然免疫，要在病毒有效增殖和逃避免疫系统的攻击之间找到一种平衡。经典免疫信号通路在媒介抵御水稻病毒侵染中的机制研究较少。本项目前期研究表明IMD/p38 MAPK通路可能调控病毒持久性增殖和病毒-共生菌侵入卵巢。本项目将利用介体细胞培养、免疫荧光标记、抑制剂处理和RNAi等技术体系，在细胞水平、虫体水平上比较病毒侵染引起的免疫基因的变化和沉默IMD/p38 MAPK免疫基因引起的病毒复制及媒介获毒率的变化，探究激活该通路的RGDV病毒蛋白，解析p38磷酸化激活对于电光叶蝉细胞内病毒侵染的影响，分析IMD/p38 MAPK通路对RDV-Nasuia侵入卵巢的调控机制。研究结果对深入理解昆虫抗病毒免疫系统调控介体持久传播植物病毒的机制具有重要的科学意义，同时为综合防治虫传植物病毒提供理论依据。

In the process of leafhopper transmission, the virus not only needs to overcome the various tissue and membrane barriers of insects, but also overcome the innate immunity system, and find a balance between the effective proliferation of virus and the attack of immune system. There are few reports on the mechanism of classical immune signaling pathways in insect vectors against rice virus infection. Our preliminary studies suggest that the IMD/p38 MAPK pathway could regulate the persistent proliferation of rice virus and the synergistic invasion of ovary by virus-symbiotic bacteria. In this proposal, we will use methods including cultured insect vector cells, immunofluorescence technique, inhibitor treatment and RNA interference (RNAi) to compare the changes of immune gene caused by virus infection and the effects on virus replication and vector acquisition rate after silencing IMD/p38 MAPK immune gene at the cellular level and the insect leve, explore which RGDV virus protein activates the IMD/p38 MAPK pathway, analyze the effect of phosphorylation of p38 on intracellular virus infection and determine the role of IMD/p38 MAPK pathway on the synergistic invasion of ovary by RDV-Nasuia. The results of this study have important scientific significance for further understanding the mechanism of insect antiviral immune system regulating the persistent transmission of plant virus, and provide a theoretical basis for the design of efficient and sustainable disease control strategies.