结构表面振动的非接触、全场、实时测量可以实现对结构整体振动特性的实时动态监测，因而在瞬态激励下的结构表面振动特性分析和可靠性分析、工业设备运行状态在线监测和故障实时预报等方面有着重要的应用。不同于机电式传感器测振技术和光学测振技术，本项目拟提出一种基于Kalman滤波的实时近场声全息测振技术，该技术不仅能实现结构表面振动的非接触全场测量，而且能实现高效且精确的实时测量。此外为拓展该技术在非消声环境中的应用以及降低该技术的测量成本，本项目拟提出相应的背景噪声实时消除方法和传声器优化配置方法，以增强该技术在实际工程中的适用性。基于以上理论，研制相应的测量分析系统，开展实验研究。该项目研究成果不仅有望解决现有时域近场声全息算法实时性差、计算精度低等问题，而且将为结构表面振动的非接触全场实时测量提供一种高效、精确且实用的测量手段。

Measurement of the structural surface vibration in a non-contact, full-field and real-time way, is helpful to real-time monitor the overall vibration behavior of structure. Therefore, this kind of measurement can be applied to analyze the vibration characteristics and the reliability of transient excited structure, and to on-line monitor the status of the running industrial equipments for real-time predicting their faults. Differing from the measurement technology with the electromechanical transducers and that based on the optical mechanism, the technology based on the real-time nearfield acoustic holography with the Kalman filter is proposed in the project. The proposed technology not only fulfills the non-contact and full-field measurement of vibration, but also performs the real-time measurement in an efficient and accurate manner. Moreover, the approach of real-time removing the background noise and that of appropriately choosing the number of microphones, are developed to extend the application of the proposed technology in the non-anechoic environment and to reduce the measurement cost, respectively. On the basis of the theoretical studies, a measuring and analyzing system is further developed and utilized for experimental studies. The studies in this project are expected to solve the problems of poor real-time performance and low calculating accuracy in current time domain nearfield acoustic holography, and to provide an efficient, accurate and practical means of real-time measuring the structural surface vibration.