基于大脑血氧-电生理状态的TIA患者卒中风险评估与预测研究

短暂性脑缺血发作（TIA）是脑卒中的重要预警事件，是卒中二级预防的最佳时机。现有的TIA患者卒中发病风险评估方法与大脑血氧代谢和电生理活动状态关联性弱，在临床应用中存在准确性与可靠性的问题。本项目拟从脑电生理信息、血氧代谢信息同步采集研究入手，探索脑卒中风险相关的血氧-电特征信号诱发机制，挖掘高卒中风险下大脑电生理活动与血氧代谢生理信号的异常特征。构建血液动力损伤条件下的血氧-电生理模型及其发展模型，研究基于功能性近红外光谱-脑电信号的TIA患者脑卒中风险评估方法，实现脑卒中风险客观量化，风险水平动态预警。有望为TIA患者卒中风险临床分层与个性化医疗干预提供科学依据与技术支持。

Transient ischemic attack (TIA) is an essential biomarker for stroke attacks. Recently, TIA has been recognized as the best intervention opportunity for secondary stroke prevention. In clinical practice, questionnaire-based assessments, such as ABCD2 score, are used to assess stroke risk for patients with TIA. However, such assessments suffer from low accuracy and reliability due to the weak correlation between actual hemodynamic-electrophysiological (H&E) statues of the brain and the stroke risk. In this proposal, a new method is proposed to assess the stroke risk by simultaneously acquiring functional near-infrared (fNIRS) signals and electroencephalography (EEG) signals, potentially resolving the accuracy and reliability issues with the questionnaire-based assessments. With data collected from healthy and TIA participants, deviation of the H&E features will be investigated to elucidate the neuroscientific mechanism of high stroke risk for the TIA patients. Relevance, coherency, and causality will be researched between the deviation of H&E features with the development of the stroke risk among TIA patients. At the end of the proposed study, a quantitative stroke risk assessment model will be established for dynamic stroke risk monitoring in TIA patients. The proposed study results will provide a critical scientific basis and technical support for stroke risk assessment, facilitating TIA patient stratification and individualized intervention in clinical applications.