Kaposi肉瘤（KS）又称多发性特发性出血性肉瘤，好发于皮肤，可侵袭内脏。KS发生具有明显的地域和种族特点，多见于地中海沿岸、犹太人后裔等，亚洲少见。在中国，新疆KS发病率较高，主要见于维吾尔族人群，罕见于汉族人群。微小RNA(miRNA）是一类具有调控功能的非编码RNA分子，在一些疾病中miRNA表达谱差异在不同民族中也存在差异。维、汉人群属于不同民族，两者之间基因表达存在差异。基因表达水平，甚至miRNA表达的差异，可能会影响对某种疾病的易感性，从而导致KS发生的民族差异性。因此，本项目试图以新疆维、汉人群正常皮肤组织、维族人群经典型KS皮损及皮损旁组织为研究材料，采用人类miNRA芯片扫描技术，筛选正常维、汉人群miRNA差异性表达谱及KS皮损miRNA差异性表达谱，预测并分析差异表达miRNA的靶基因及其功能。本项目研究有助于阐明新疆KS发病机制并为相关治疗提供理论依据。

Kaposi's sarcoma（KS）, also known as multiple idiopathic hemorrhagic sarcoma，mainly involves the skin, and internal organs sometimes. The distribution of KS has been the characteristics of region and ethnic, more common in the Mediterranean and Jewish descent, but Asian rare. KS has been mainly found in the Uyghur population of Xinjiang, but Chinese Han population rare. miRNA is a kind of the non-coding RNA molecules with regulation function, miRNA expression profile differences in some diseases or different ethnic populations. There are some gene expression differences between Uyghur and Han groups. We hypothesized that the level of gene expression and differences of miRNA expression may affect different group's susceptibility to a disease. Therefore, Selecting normal skin tissue of Uyghur and Han groups, classical KS lesions, and peritumoural normal skin tissue of Uighur groups as research materials, using human miRNA chip scanning technology, the project will plan to screen differential expressive miRNA profiling between normal skin tissue, KS lesions, and peritumoural normal skin tissue of Uyghur and Han groups, and to predict and analyse target genes and function of differential miRNA profiling. The project will profit us to elucidate the pathogenesis of KS and provide theoretical proof for the treatment of KS.