基于超分子协同作用提升分散染料在低压无水染色体系中上染率的机制研究

涤纶织物传统水浴染色存在高排放、高能耗、高污染的技术难题，我国原创低压无水染色关键技术实现了分散染料对涤纶等合成纤维的无水染色，极具市场产业化潜力。但是该体系中分散染料在染色介质中具有一定的溶解度，降低了分散染料对涤纶的上染率，限制了该技术的工业化推广和应用。本项目拟从染料分子构效关系出发，研究染料分子π-共轭体系、构筑基团与分子间氢键、分子排布方式、堆积密度及缔合强度的关系，阐明氢键协同空间位阻调控分散染料共平面性的机制；探究染料分子共平面性对低压无水染色体系中染料聚集形态的影响规律，研究染料-染色介质-纤维之间超分子作用对分散染料在“纤维-介质”两相中分配机制的影响规律，获得有效调控分散染料在无水染色体系中分配系数的关键因素，降低分散染料在无水介质中的溶解度，提高分散染料对涤纶染色的上染率，为涤纶低压无水染色技术的产业化提供理论依据，推动纺织印染行业走向可持续发展道路。

The coloration of polyester using traditional water bath has been faced with the technical problems, such as high emission, high consumption, and high pollution. It is well known that the key technology of a national original low pressure waterless dyeing has realized dyeing of synthetic fibers using disperse dyes without water, which has a great potential industrialization. However, the exhaustion of disperse dyes is low due to a slight solubility, which hinders the industrial popularization and application. To solve this problem, starting from the molecular structure-activity relationship, the effect of π-conjugated system and constructional groups on intermolecular hydrogen bond, molecular arrangement order, packing density and association strength will be investigated. The mechanism of hydrogen and bond steric hindrance regulating the coplanarity of disperse dyes will be then expounded. The relationship between molecular coplanarity and aggregation morphology in low pressure waterless dyeing system will be studied. The influence of supramolecular interaction between dyes, dyeing medium and fiber on the distribution mechanism of disperse dyes in the fiber-medium" phases will be investigated. And the key factors to effectively regulate the distribution coefficient of disperse dyes will be obtained. The aim is to reduce the solubility of disperse dyes in dyeing medium and increase the dyeing rate of disperse dyes on polyester. This project will provide technical support for industrialization, promoting the sustainable development of dyeing industry.