冷泉系统作为岩石圈与外部圈层之间物质和能量交换的重要途径，其内部地质结构是研究流体成因机制的关键基础。南海西北部的“海马冷泉”是全球活动冷泉研究的新热点，但目前对其内部的地质结构知之甚少，限制了对海马冷泉地质过程及流体成因机制的认识。为此，本研究拟利用海马冷泉区的主动源海底地震仪（OBS）数据和多道地震数据，重点开展以下研究：1）通过一次波与多次波、走时模拟与波形模拟的联合约束，对海马冷泉区的内部结构进行精细成像；2）刻画海马冷泉速度结构与泊松比特征，揭示流体源区的赋存位置、赋存形态和物质属性；3）综合分析海马冷泉深部结构受晚新生代岩浆活动改造的地震学证据，探讨流体是否具有热成因的地质基础。通过本课题研究，有望把海马冷泉系统从近海底观测拓展到地下深部，为跨圈层、跨尺度的地球物质循环提供研究范例。

Cold seeps system is an important pathway of material and energy exchange between lithosphere and outer layer. The interior geological structure is the key basis for studying the formation mechanism of fluid formation. The “Haima Cold Seeps” in the northwest of the South China Sea become a new focus on the global active cold seeps. However, its interior velocity structure is still unclear, which limits the understanding of the geological process and fluid formation mechanism of the Haima Cold Seeps. Therefore, this study intends to use the OBS data and the multi-channel seismic data to focus on the following studies: 1) conducting fine imaging of the internal structure of the Haima Cold Seeps through the combined constraints of primary wave and multiple waves, travel time modeling and waveform modeling; 2) describing the characteristics of Haima Cold Seeps velocity structure and poisson's ratio, and revealing the preserved location, preserved form and material properties of the fluid source area; 3) analyzing the evidence of late Cenozoic magmatism on the deep structure, and discussing the geological basis of the thermogenic gas in Haima Cold Seeps. Through this study, it is expected to expand the Haima Cold Seeps system from the near-seabed observation to the deep underground, and provide a research example for the trans-sphere and trans-scale material circulation.