柔性海流能摩擦纳米发电机能量转换机理研究

水下无线传感器网络是海洋开发与保护的重要基础和支撑。然而，传感器节点持续工作所需的电能供给是其当前面临的瓶颈问题，迫切需要探索新型供能模式，实现水下传感器节点自供能。为此，本项目基于有机薄膜材料易摆动、耐腐蚀、低成本等特点，拟构建柔性海流能摩擦纳米发电机（FOCE-TENG）并对其能量转换机理开展深入研究。结合薄膜振动理论和PIV实验，分析不同海流条件下FOCE-TENG流致振动规律；研究柔性电极、介电材料、微纳结构、组网形式等因素对FOCE-TENG发电性能的影响，阐明FOCE-TENG能量转换机理；建立FOCE-TENG多维优化数学模型，设计基于自学习变异策略的差分进化算法并开展系统寻优；探究FOCE-TENG整流滤波储能电路拓扑并对基于FOCE-TENG的自供能传感器节点进行验证分析。项目研究成果对创新供能模式、丰富海流能转换理论具有重要意义，为实现传感器节点自供能奠定坚实基础。

Underwater wireless sensing networks are an important foundation and support for marine development and protection. However, the power supply for the sensing node to work continuously is the bottleneck problem it is currently facing. It is urgent to explore a new energy supply mode to realize self-powered of the underwater sensing node. Therefore, based on the characteristics of easy oscillating, corrosion-resistant and low-cost thin organic film, this project plans to construct a flexible ocean current energy triboelectric nanogenerator (FOCE-TENG) and conduct in-depth research on its energy conversion mechanism and system optimization. Combined with the theory of film vibration and PIV experiment, the flow-induced vibration characteristics of FOCE-TENG under different current conditions are analyzed. Then, the effects of flexible electrodes, dielectric materials and micro-nanostructure on the performance of FOCE-TENG power generation are studied, and the energy conversion mechanism of FOCE-TENG is clarified. Further, the project establishes the multi-dimensional optimization mathematical model of FOCE-TENG, designs differential evolution algorithm based on self-learning mutation strategy and carries out system optimization. At last, the rectification filter energy storage circuit topology for FOCE-TENG is explored, and a validation analysis is performed for the self-powered underwater sensing node based on FOCE-TENG. The research results of the project are of great significance to the innovative of energy supply and the theory of ocean current energy conversion, and lays a solid foundation for establishing self-powered underwater sensing nodes.