本研究拟采取系统学和网络学的方法，借助围栏控制实验，分析外部因子（食物和生境）和内部因子（行为、生理、种群密度）对布氏田鼠种群出生率和死亡率的影响，确定降雨量变化调节布氏田鼠种群数量动态的途径；研究降雨引起的资源变化和布氏田鼠数量对植物群落稳定性的影响特征，验证自上而下调节假说和自下而上调节假说；从个体-行为、生理、行为、种群、群落层面上综合研究布氏田鼠种群与植物群落之间的互作特征，探讨降雨量变化引起布氏田鼠与植物相互关系的变化对布氏田鼠种群数量的复杂调控途径，筛选出鼠害种群增长自然制约因素及其主导因素，理论上明确害鼠对植被变化的响应机制，并对鼠类的发展态势以及相应的调控策略做出判断和决策，进一步提升我国草原鼠害防灾减灾能力，为合理管理布氏田鼠种群和实现草原生态系统的有效管理提供科学依据.

Many studies have demonstrated that food quantity and quality are considered as key factors that influence reproduction and population dynamics in some rodent species. Meanwhile, rodents population dynamic also are strongly associated with habitat characteristics. As well know, food abundance and habitat characteristics (main by vegetation composition) are extremely vulnerable to climate change, which has been suggested as one of the primary factors that can profoundly affect population dynamics and animal abundance, especially in rodent populations. However, the contribution of climate change to control the populations of rodents remains a question of outstanding concern. In this research, twenty-four 0.48-ha enclosures of 80×60 m with galvanized iron sheets have been contructed to eliminated all emigration and immigration of rodents and excluded all their predators. Brandt’s vole (Lasiopodomys brandtii) populations were monitored using mark-capture-recapture methods. The population density was first estimated by the minimum number of animals known alive (MNA) method. Recruits were defined simply as the number of any previously unmarked voles, regardless of age or body size of animals. Significant differences in population parameters of voles (i.e., density, recruits, body mass) between control and watering groups were tested by means of linear mixed models (LMM). 14 plant functional traits and plant community (abovebiomass, cover, height and density of total plants, preferred and less preferred plants by Brandt’s vole ) has been investigated. The effects of external factors (food and habitat) and internal factors (behavior, physiology, population density) on the birth rate and mortality rate of Brandt's vole population are been analye by means of systematic and network methods. To determine the ways of regulating the community, the effects of precipitation supplementation on the rodent-vegetation systems were also analyzed using multiple linear regression model, which will verified the Top-down control hypothesis and Bottom-up control hypothesis. The interaction characteristics between the population of voles and the plant community are comprehensively studied use structural equation model to determine the regulating method of precipitation on the population of Brandt’s vole. The results of this research will contribute to the pest management of grassland ecosystem.