面向大型桥梁动态挠度监测的高频GNSS/加速度计与MEMS-IMU融合及一致性监测理论与方法

桥梁动态挠度监测对于桥梁安全运行与辅助设计十分重要，受高振动、活载荷复杂等特殊环境影响，GNSS技术用于大型桥梁挠度监测存在定位精度低、可靠性不足等问题。本项目以提高GNSS等多传感器集成监测大型桥梁动态挠度精度和可靠性为目标，对GNSS/加速度计/IMU融合及其一致性监测中的关键理论与方法进行基础研究，包括：1）扩展ADOP和PDOP双重约束的多系统GNSS空间均匀分布选星算法，实现模糊度解算成功率、定位精度和计算复杂度的平衡；2）GNSS/加速度计实时融合算法及其状态域一致性监测理论与方法；3）GNSS/加速度计/IMU融合理论与模型及其一致性监测方法。项目成果将为GNSS等传感器技术在桥梁等大型线性工程基础设施变形监测的广泛应用提供理论与技术支持。

Bridge deflection monitoring is very important for the safe operation and auxiliary design of bridges. High-speed railway bridges with large stiffness are with small deflection deformation and high vibration frequency, which makes real-time monitoring difficult by traditional technology. Due to the special environment such as high vibration and complex live load, GNSS technology is with low accuracy and poor reliability for deflection monitoring of large bridges. In order to improve the accuracy of GNSS technology in monitoring the dynamic deflection of large bridges, the key models of GNSS based multi-sensor integration models are studied, including: 1) A multi-system GNSS spatial uniform distribution satellites selection algorithm based on extended ADOP and PDOP constraints is proposed to balance the success rate of ambiguity resolution, positioning accuracy and computational complexity; 2) A GNSS/accelerometer real-time fusion algorithm and its state domain consistency monitoring theory and method are proposed; 3) A GNSS/accelerometer/IMU fusion theory and model and its consistency monitoring method are proposed. The results of the project will provide theoretical and technical support for the wide application of GNSS in deformation monitoring of large-scale linear engineering infrastructure such as large bridges.