本项目将通过ALICE实验，研究LHC能区在不同碰撞系统中的产生和关联效应，以及重夸克偶素在不同碰撞系统中的产生。在重离子碰撞中，重夸克的能量损失被认为主要发生在碰撞所形成的夸克胶子等离子（QGP）物质演化的初期，集体流形成于QGP演化的中、后期。本项目将分别在中心和向前快度区对上述观测量进行研究，建立重夸克在QGP物质内的输运特性随QGP内部温度演化的图景。同时，本项目还将观测小系统（质子-质子、质子-铅核）碰撞中重夸克的产生和集体流随事件多重数的演化，为理解重离子碰撞的结果提供重要基准，同时也是深入理解小系统碰撞末态核物质特性的重要途径。由于重夸克偶素的产生对系统的温度、能量密度极其敏感，本项目对psi'粒子在不同碰撞系统中产生的研究将与重夸克的研究相互印证，以深入理解QGP物质产生和演化随初始条件如初始温度、能量密度、体积等的依赖关系，并试图探寻小系统末态是否有QGP物质存在的证据。

In this project, the production and collective motion of heavy quarks, and the production of psi' will be studied in various collision systems. It is generally agreed that the energy loss of heavy quarks occurs at the initial stage of the expansion of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) formed in heavy-ion collisions, and the collective flow of heavy quarks is established at the middle and/or final stage of the expansion of the QGP. In this project, the energy loss and collective flow of heavy quarks will be studied at both mid-rapidity and forward rapidity to understand how the transport coefficient of heavy quarks evolves with the temperature of the QGP medium. Furthermore, those studies will be extrapolated into small systems (pp and p-Pb collisions). The study in small systems, on the one hand, will provide the important reference for heavy-ion collisions, on the other hand, it will also be particularly important to understand properties of the nuclear matter created in the small systems. Since the psi' is very sensitive to the temperature and energy density of the system, the study of the production of psi' in various systems will provide an additional constant on the results obtained in the study of heavy quarks. Combining all information together will provide a deep understanding of how the production and evolution of the QGP matter dependent on its initial conditions, such as the initial temperature, energy density, and system size, and will bring new insight into understanding whether the QGP matter can be created the final state of small systems.