在煤直接液化生产过程中，会产生占原煤质量30％左右煤直接液化残渣（DCLR）。从DCLR可提取沥青烯、前沥青烯等组分，作为制备碳素材料的原料。无论从经济性还是环保角度出发，都应对DCLR进行合理高效利用。离子液体（ILs）相对于传统有机溶剂，具有不挥发、溶解能力强、性质结构可调等特性，使其成为潜在优良DCLR萃取剂。科研工作者已就ILs萃取DCLR工艺及其提取产物利用进行了研究，并取得了许多成绩。然而，尚未见该过程的热力学行为研究报道。.本题拟通过建立DCLR及其提取物热力学参数的反气相色谱测定方法，进而探索ILs萃取DCLR过程中的热力学行为。依据“相似相容”原则，提出了溶解度参数与DCLR相近的溶剂，具有更高提取效率的热力学判据，并进行验证。成果不仅可为DCLR处理提供热力学基础数据，还可完善ILs萃取DCLR技术的理论体系。

The quantity of direct coal liquefaction residue (DCLR) is about 30% (mass fraction) based on the feed coal．Organic compounds extracted from DCLR are very important precursor ，such as asphaltene and pre-asphaltene et al.,for preparing high valued-added functional carbon materials. The efficient and environmental utilization of DCLR is very important to the industrialization of the direct coal liquefaction．Compared with traditional solvents，ionic liquids(ILs) are used as the green solvents or excellent media to extract DCLR due to their unique physicochemical properties，such as nonvolatility, ability to dissolve, synergistic effect designability, and so on．Many researchers have been studied the extraction of DCLR using ILs and the utilization of the extracts comprehensively, and made achievements fruitfully. However, to the best of our knowledge, the thermodynamic characterization of the extractive process has not been reported so far..The aim of the subject is to establish the method for determination of the thermodynamic parameters of DCLR and its extracts via inverse gas chromatography, and then explore the thermodynamic behavior of the extractive process of DCLR using ILs. Based on the principle of the dissolution in the similar solvent, the solvent have the similar solubility thermodynamic parameters with DCLR's will take more effectively extraction of DCLR, and this principle will be tested by the experiment. The achievement of this subject will not only provide the basic thermodynamic data of the DCLR processing technology, but also improve the theoretical system of ionic liquids extracting DCLR technology.