非常规过程回收报废三元锂离子电池正极材料中有价金属强化机制研究

针对报废动力锂离子电池传统湿法和火法回收工艺具有工艺复杂、能耗高和回收率低等问题，本项目以镍钴锰三元正极废料为研究对象，采用微波焙烧耦合微流体萃取分离的非常规技术回收该废料中的有价金属镍钴锰锂。研究镍钴锰三元正极废料和铵盐混合物在微波场中的电磁特性和升温特性，以及反应过程中物相的变化和各组元的迁移规律，揭示微波场中镍钴锰三元正极废料的铵盐焙烧机制；建立微通道内萃取剂的界面吸附特性、两相流动特性与其萃取性能的关系规律，阐明微流体萃取分离镍钴锰锂的萃取传质机理。该项目的实施既能为报废锂离子电池回收行业的技术提升提供新的思路和理论支撑，也能为其他复杂多组元体系中有价元素的分离提取提供参考,具有重要的科学意义和应用前景。

This project is aimed at addressing the problems in traditional hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical recycling processes the recycling of spent lithium ion batteries (LIBs) including a long and complicated process, high energy consumption, and low recovery of valuable metals. The cobalt/nickel/manganese oxides are taken a research object for recycling of valuable metals from spent cathode materials using an unconventional technique of microwave roasting coupling with microfluidic extraction separation. The reaction mechanism of microwave ammonium roasting of spent cobalt/nickel/manganese oxides will be revealed by investigating electromagnetic properties and temperature rising characteristics of spent cathode materials and ammonium salts, the variation of phase, migration and transfer regulations of each component during the reaction. The mass transfer mechanism of microfluidic extraction and separation of cobalt, nickel, and manganese will be clarified by establishing the relationship between the interface adsorption characteristics of the extractant, the two-phase flow characteristics and its extraction performance in the microchannel reactors. The implementation of this project can not only provide new ideas and theoretical support for the technical improvement of recycling valuable metals industry from the spent lithium ion batteries, but also provide a reference for the separation and extraction of valuable elements in other complex multicomponent systems, and has important scientific significance and application prospect.