超交联构筑磷氧基多孔有机聚合物定向分离水体中的铀

铀是核工业领域重要战略资源，从含铀废水中有效分离铀具有十分重要的科学意义。吸附是铀分离的重要方法之一，提高吸附剂的吸附量和吸附选择性是吸附剂开发的核心问题。多孔材料中引入磷氧基团可以提高铀吸附量，目前仍存在虽然活性基团含量高但孔隙率低导致的铀吸附容量低、选择性差等问题。本项目拟以含磷氧基芳香化合物为单体，采用一步傅克烷基化超交联聚合技术，构筑具有高比表面积、高含量活性基团以及合适的孔道结构的磷氧基多孔有机聚合物，突破传统吸附材料用于含铀废水处理时存在的吸附容量低和选择性差等瓶颈。深入研究超交联聚合参数对磷氧基多孔有机聚合物结构及铀吸附性能的影响，探讨磷氧基多孔有机聚合物吸附铀的构效关系，揭示磷氧基多孔有机聚合物吸附铀的作用机理，建立材料结构与性能的定性与定量关系，为解决含铀废水处理难问题提供高性能吸附材料，为材料的进一步优化提供理论指导和基础数据。

Uranium is an important strategic resource in the nuclear industry. It is of great scientific significance to effectively separate uranium from uranium-containing wastewater. Adsorption is one of the important methods for uranium separation. Increasing the adsorption capacity and adsorption selectivity of adsorbents is the core problem in the development of adsorbents. The introduction of phosphine oxide groups in porous materials can increase the amount of uranium adsorption. At present, there are still problems such as low uranium adsorption capacity and poor selectivity due to high content of active groups but low porosity. In this project, a phosphine oxide aromatic polymer with a high specific surface area, a high content of active groups and a suitable pore structure is constructed by using a phosphorus-containing aromatic compound as a monomer and a one-step Friedel-Crafts super-crosslinking polymerization technique. Breaking through the traditional adsorption materials used in the treatment of uranium-containing wastewater, such as low adsorption capacity and poor selectivity. In-depth study of the influence of hyper-crosslinking polymerization parameters on the structure of phosphine oxide porous organic polymer and uranium adsorption performance. Explore the structure-activity relationship of uranium and porous organic polymer adsorbed uranium, and the role of phosphine oxide porous organic polymer in adsorbing uranium mechanism. Establish qualitative and quantitative relationship between material structure and performance. Hence, it can provide high-performance adsorption materials for solving difficult problems in uranium-containing wastewater treatment, and provide theoretical guidance and basic data for further optimization of materials.