区域性地下非法采矿InSAR/GIS监测的关键技术研究

在我国矿产资源较丰富的地区，由于矿点分布面广、地下采矿隐蔽性强等特征，致使各种地下非法采矿的现象十分猖獗，目前还尚未有一个快速高效的手段来实时监测这些非法行为。本项目拟综合运用空间对地观测技术、GIS、采矿工程等技术的理论成果，研究以InSAR技术为主的多源数据协同和多技术集成监测方法，解决面向较大区域InSAR获取地表形变信息的问题；以煤炭开采引起的地表沉陷为研究对象，揭示地表形变信息与地下开采面的关联机理，提出根据开采沉陷规律推演地下开采面推进范围和发现地下采动事件的方法；构建能融合数据多源、反映多层次时空变化过程中地质空间与分布特征的时空数据库，建立地下非法采矿的识别模型，提出无需逐企、逐村、逐户的“地毯式”排查，也无需人进入井下或实测空间下，集成InSAR和GIS技术来实现区域范围内地下非法采矿高效、快速、自动监测的理论及方法。该研究为保护生态环境、防灾减灾提供重要的技术支持。

The areas of rich mineral resources in our country, because of the wide distribution of mine spots and the hidden nature of underground mining, result in the various illegal underground mining operations are rampant. At present, there is no fast and efficient means to monitor these illegal acts in real time.This project intends to comprehensively utilize the theoretical achievements of space-to-Earth observation technology, GIS and mining, and study on the multi-source data collaboration and multi-technology integrated monitoring method based on InSAR technology, to solve the problem of obtaining surface deformation information of InSAR in large area. Taking the surface subsidence of coal mining as the research object, reveal that the correlation between surface deformation information and underground mining surface. This paper suggests a method based on mining subsidence features inferring the promotion range of the underground mining face and finding the underground mining events. Constructing the spatial-temporal database, which can integrate the multi-source of the data and reflect the geological space and distribution characteristics during the multi-level spatial-temporal change,and establish the identification model of underground illegal mining.It is pointed out that there is no need for "carpet-type" investigation by enterprises, villages and households, and no need for people to enter the underground or the actual measurement space.The technology of integrated InSAR and GIS can efficient、fast and automatically monitor regional underground illegal mining events. The study provides important technical support for protecting ecological environment and prevent and mitigate disasters.