流域下垫面综合特征与产流能力定量研究

流域下垫面各要素构成的综合特征使得各地的水文特征表现千差万别，目前下垫面综合特征还缺乏综合定量的“描述器”，难以全面定量描述流域产流能力。本项目以淮河上游地区为例，通过遥感和GIS技术提取土地利用、LAI、地形参数和土壤参数等下垫面各类要素，基于降雨径流关系和产流特征，研究下垫面各要素对产流形成的影响，揭示下垫面关键特征要素；基于SCS模型分析，提出以综合曲线数（CN）代表流域产流能力；分别建立流域尺度和栅格尺度的下垫面产流能力定量描述模型，应用于缺资料地区地表径流的估算。研究成果不仅可以深化下垫面与水文过程的认识，也为区域水资源研究提供一种新的途径。

The underlying surface comprehensive feature is composed of different underlying surface features and makes different hydrological features from place to place. The underlying surface comprehensive feature is still lacking the quantitative “describer”, and unable to comprehensive and quantitatively reflect runoff ability. This project takes the upstream of the Huai Rive as the research area. Underlying surface factors including land use, LAI, terrain parameters, soil parameters and so on, are extracted by applying GIS and RS. Based on rainfall-runoff relationships and runoff features, the influences of underlying surface factors and runoff formation are analyzed to reveal integrated mechanism in the runoff process and provide underlying surface key features. The comprehensive CN is proposed to represent watershed runoff ability based on SCS model. Watershed underlying surface comprehensive features are quantitatively formulated in watershed scale and grid scale, which could be used to estimate surface runoff in ungauged catchments. The result of this study will not only deepen the understanding of underlying surface and hydrological process, but also provide a new method in the study of regional water research resource.