纤维状粘土/二氧化硅双网络气凝胶的增强结构构建与高效隔热机理研究

提高建筑围护结构保温性能，解决传统结构气凝胶强度与隔热性能的矛盾一直受到人们关注。本项目针对纤维过度增强导致气凝胶密度及导热率升高等不足，提出利用纤维状埃洛石粘土与二氧化硅构建双网络纳米复合气凝胶增强结构的设想。通过埃洛石内壁正电荷负载大分子链作为交联点，将纤维状埃洛石粘土构筑为三维粘土凝胶网络，将其与二氧化硅气凝胶制备体系复合，在形成第二网络结构的同时构建彼此互穿的三维双网状结构。系统研究埃洛石凝胶和埃洛石/二氧化硅双网络气凝胶的制备与特性调控机制，分析双网络结构中两相与相界面特性对气凝胶增强与传热的影响规律。弄清双网络结构应力传递行为及增强机制；揭示双网络结构的传热行为并建立传热模型，探讨其高效隔热机理。本项目的研究为无机双网络结构的构建以及利用双网络在提高气凝胶强度的同时获得高效隔热性能探索出新途径，有望丰富气凝胶增强与隔热理论的研究内涵，对绿色建筑高性能隔热材料的发展提供理论支持。

Thermal insulation of building envelope, and contradiction between strength and thermal insulation of structural silica aerogel are new subjects widely concerned. In this research, we propose to construct halloysite/silica double network aerogels, in order to solve the increasing concentration and thermal conductivity of fiber over reinforced silica aerogel. We put forward the loading of macromolecule in halloysite based on the negative charges in the inner surface of halloysite to obtain halloysite aerogel. We will investigate the controllable construction of halloysite/silica double network aerogels and the mechanisms of the aerogels on the reinforcement and thermal conduction of the composites. Characteristics will be performed. This will help us study the mechanisms of reinforcing and thermal conduction of the halloysite/silica double network aerogels, and research the modeling of them. Reinforcing and thermal conduction theory of the halloysite/silica double network aerogels could be deepened, and the feasibility of this study on solving the contradiction could be confirmed as well. Thus, this research will probably probe a new way for improving thermal insulation of building envelope, and enrich the theory of aerogels reinforcing and thermal conduction.