依据现有理论，不能解决低温下用十八胺捕收剂浮选氯化钾收率极低的问题，致使柴达木盆地盐湖群冬季钾肥企业都会停产4个月。因此，本项目拟针对柴达木盆地钾矿特点，通过考察低温高离子强度下氯化钾浮选过程中的界面水结构及溶液化学性质，研究捕收剂分子与氯化钾晶体表面的相互作用及其在气液和液固（氯化钾晶体）表面的吸附机理，研究捕收剂分子在界面的排列及其在溶液中聚集、分散性能对浮选收率的影响，研究溶液pH值等因素对界面吸附和捕收剂分子聚集、分散性能对浮选收率的影响，结合光谱检测手段及分子模拟技术对氯化钾低温浮选机理开展深入研究。同时研究胺类捕收剂复配机理，进一步研究低温下复配捕收剂聚集行为和分散性能及其在气泡表面和KCl晶体表面的吸附量与分子排列对氯化钾浮选收率的影响，结合分子动力学模拟计算考察捕收剂分子碳链长度、结构组成等对吸附作用的影响，探讨协同增效机理，低温下氯化钾浮选收率的提高提供理论支撑。

In winter, because the flotation efficiency of potassium chloride using ODA is too low to process, the Qaidam Basin of Saline Lake group has to carry out a 4 months cycled-interrupt annually. In order to settle above issues, understanding the mechanism of reaction between potassium chloride and collector in flotation at low-temperature and high ionic strength is very important. In this proposal, the low temperature flotation of potassium chloride will be investigated using octadecylamine collector based on the characterization of potash ore in Qaidam Basin. The interfacial water structure and solution chemical properties will be considered. The adsorption of collectors on the collector and potassium chloride crystal surface will be examined. The effect on the flotation of collector arrangement and aggregation properties in solution will be investigated. The effect of pH on the flotation recovery will be discussed. The flotation mechanism of potassium chloride will be study at low-temperature combined with spectrum detection and molecular simulation technology. The effect of collector molecular arrangement on the flotation of KCl will be investigated at low-temperature. The effect on adsorption of collector molecular and structure will be investigated combined with molecular simulation. The effect of synergistic will be discussed, so as to provide a theoretical and experimental support to improve the KCl flotation at low temperature and high ionic strength.