针对非圆柱齿轮齿廓形状复杂、缺少精度标准以及误差测量困难等问题，提出基于整体误差的非圆柱齿轮齿面三维拓扑测量与精度评价方法。根据齿轮误差几何学理论，分析能够表征非圆柱齿轮传动误差的误差类型和精度指标，为其误差测量提供理论依据；基于坐标测量法，分别建立非圆柱齿轮数字化齿面理论模型和真实齿面三维拓扑误差测量模型，通过对测量过程的坐标变换、路径规划、测头半径补偿等问题的系统分析，研究测量数据处理的最优算法；基于齿轮误差多自由度理论，研究采用真实齿面和理论齿面之间的差值构成的差曲面来表征非圆柱齿轮齿面整体误差，通过误差分解来分析齿面各阶误差与齿轮单项误差的对应关系及变化规律，并进行误差评定和测量不确定度评价。通过上述研究，可获得一种非圆柱齿轮误差精确测量的有效方法，为非圆柱齿轮传动质量的评定和误差来源分析提供较完整的数据，进而为提高非圆柱齿轮的制造精度提供理论依据。

Aiming at the problem of complex tooth profile shape, the lack of precision standard, the difficulty of error measuring process, a method of the three-dimensional topology measurement and precision evaluation for noncircular gear tooth surface based on integrated error theory is proposed. According to the gear error geometry theory, the error type and precision index which can describe the transmission error of noncircular gear will be analyzed, it will provide the theoretical foundation for error measurement technology. Based on the coordinate measuring method, the theoretical model of digital gear tooth surface and the three dimensional topological error measurement model of the real tooth surface on noncircular gears will be established, through complete analysis on the coordinate transformations, the trace planning method and the probe radius compensation in the process of error measurement, the optimal algorithm of measurement data analysis will be obtained. Based on the multi-degrees of freedom theory for gear error, the integrated error of noncircular gear tooth surface can be described with deviation surface, which is the difference between real tooth surface and theoretical tooth surface at the same points, the corresponding relation and variation law between various order error of tooth surface and individual error of gear will be studied by means of error decomposition method, the Error evaluation and the measurement uncertainty evaluation process will also be analyzed respectively. Through the above research, An effective method for accurate measurement of noncircular gear error can be obtained, the new method can provide complete data for the transmission quality evaluation and the error source analysis of noncircular gears, and then which can provide the theoretical basis for improving the manufacturing precision of noncircular gears.