东北半干旱区湿地景观演变对冷湿效应及露水的影响

湿地景观对局地气候有明显影响，主要是冷湿效应，即降温、增湿和改变小气候等效应。露水是半干旱区重要的水分来源之一，是湿地景观对陆地水分补给的重要途径。湿地景观格局变化对冷湿效应及露水具有显著影响。因此，针对东北半干旱区湿地面积锐减、水资源匮乏等生态环境问题，以吉林西部湿地景观为研究对象，通过长期监测，研究东北半干旱区湿地景观演变对冷湿效应及露水的影响。着重分析不同湿地景观对冷湿效应及露水的影响，区分影响冷湿效应及露水的环境因子，判别湿地景观具有冷湿效应的阈值面积，研究湿地景观通过蒸散发对陆地其他景观的水分补给，确定湿地景观对露水贡献的空间变化趋势。项目预期揭示湿地景观通过蒸散发及露水对陆地的水分补给机制，构建湿地冷湿效应模型，合理配置湿地景观格局。项目的研究成果对于明确湿地景观对区域水分补给、调节局地气候的生态功能具有重要意义，可以为合理保护东北半干旱区现有湿地、修复退化湿地提供科学依据。

The landscape of wetland has significantly effects on the local climate through cold-humid effect by changing the temperature, wetness and the microclimate. And dew as one of the important sources of water in semiarid region, is an important way of wetland landscape to supply dry land for water.And the landscape change of wetland has dramatically influence on the cold-humid effect and dew.So in this sutdy, for the dramatic decrease of wetland and the scarce of water resource in the northeast of China,we will focus on the influences of wetland landscape change on cold-humid effect and dew in semiarid area through long-term field investigation, basing on the theory of landscape ecology and hydrology and technique of stable isotope. We will find that the influence of different area and composition of wetland landscape on cold-humid effect and dew, the environmental factors which affect the distribution of dew and cold-humid effect, the threshold area of wetland landscape for cold-humid effect,the water supply of wetland landscape to other land use through evapotranspiration, the contribution trend of wetland landscape to the amount of dew. So we think that the research can reveal the water replenishment mechanism of wetland landscape to other land use through evapotranspiration, build the cold-humid effect model of wetland landscape and optimize the wetland landscape pattern. The results of the research can explain the ecological functions of water sources and changing microclimate by wetland landscape, and provide the useful scientific basis for better protection of existing wetland and for restoration of degraded wetlands in the northeast of China.