脉冲电化学加工难熔金属薄壁件的精度创成机理与电场自适应调控策略

针对难熔金属薄壁筒形件等具有极端制造特征的零件，从能量场调控的视角，提出在扫描式阴极脉冲电化学及其机械复合加工过程中，通过实时感知加工参数信息判断加工间隙进而调控电场，实现去除量的同向增强自适应变化，以显著提高精密度的学术思想。瞄准其关键科学问题“误差反馈式脉冲电化学加工的精度创成机理与电场自适应调控策略”，深入研究极间电场与工件误差的时空转换关系、去除量随电场变化的敏感性和稳定性特征、电场调控的判定准则与调控策略、难熔金属电化学加工工艺规律、薄壁筒形件结构成型原理与方法、脉冲电源的数控可调技术、薄壁细长筒形件的抗变形定位装夹与机械刮膜技术等在理论层面、方法层面、工艺层面、技术与装置层面的难题，从而实现电参量的有效调控与材料的精确蚀除，形成误差反馈变电场脉冲电化学及其机械复合精密加工的理论与手段。项目对丰富特种精密加工与极端制造理论、提高难加工材料加工技术水平具有重要的科学意义和应用价值。

For the components with extreme manufacturing characteristics such as refractory metal thin-walled tubular parts, this project proposes the academic ideas from the perspective of regulating the energy field to significantly improve the precision. That is, in the scanning cathode pulse electrochemistry and its mechanical compound processing, the machining gap is judged by real-time sensing of the processing parameter information to provide the basis for electric field regulation, and then co-directional enhancement adaptive change of removal is realized. Aiming at the key scientific problem "accuracy generating mechanism and electric field adaptive regulation strategy of error feedback pulse electrochemical machining", difficult issues on relevant theories, methods, processes, technologies and devices will be studied in depth, including time-space conversion relationship between electric field and workpiece error, sensitivity and stability characteristics of removal with electric field, determination criteria and regulation strategies of electric field，process law of electrochemical processing of refractory metals，principle and method of forming thin-walled tubular parts, numerical control adjustable technology of pulse power supply, anti-deformation positioning clamping and mechanical scraping film technology for thin-walled slender cylindrical parts, etc.. These researches will realize the effective regulation of the electrical parameters and the precise control of the removal amount, and form the theory and method of error feedback variable electric field pulse electrochemistry and its mechanical composite precision machining. The project has important scientific significance and application value for enriching the non-traditional and precision machining and extreme manufacturing theory, as well as improving the processing technology of difficult-to-machine materials.