基于内部器官系统形态重建的脉翅总目昆虫水生适应性演化研究

脉翅总目是一类较为古老的完全变态类昆虫，包括广翅目及脉翅目泽蛉科、水蛉科等幼虫水生类群，其对水质变化敏感，作为捕食者在淡水生态系统中发挥重要功能。迄今为止，有关水生脉翅总目昆虫的适应性演化机制尚缺乏全面认知。本项目针对水生脉翅总目昆虫的代表类群，利用显微CT-三维重建技术，对幼虫、蛹、成虫三个重要虫态的主要内部器官系统进行比较形态学研究，针对肌肉系统、气管系统、消化系统开展重点研究，明确以上器官系统的形态变化规律，分析重要特征的发育历程变化，进而阐明水生脉翅总目昆虫对淡水生境适应性演化的形态学背景。研究结果将丰富昆虫变态发育的起源演化以及对环境适应性的理论体系，对促进水生昆虫多样性保护与利用具有重要的实践价值。

The aquatic groups of Neuropterida is one of the primitive holometabolous insects, including family Nevrorthidae, Sisyridae of Neuroptera and family Corydalidae, Sialidae of Megaloptera. Their larvae are exclusively aquatic, while adults are terrestrial. Also, they are sensitive to changes in water quality and play a very important role in freshwater ecosystem as predators. Currently, the morphological adaptive evolution of the aquatic groups of Neuropterida are still unclear. The present project is aiming to reconstruct the adaptive evolution mechanism to aquatic environment based on the morphology of tracheal system, musculature, and digestive system by a combination of µ-CT and 3D reconstruction technology combining comprehensive sampling from larva to adult among representative groups. Through comparative morphological studies, the transformation of internal organ systems from larva to adult will be revealed. The developmental transformation of the important structures will be discussed. The evolutionary trends will be speculated. Futhermore, the morphological background of the adaptive evolution of Neuropterida to freshwater habitats will be clarified. And the results will enrich the theoretical system of origin and evolution of metamorphosis and ecological adaptability of insects, and have important practical value for promoting the protection and utilization of aquatic insects diversity.