基于超导表面磁性原子链的马约拉纳零能模人工构建、相互作用与编织研究

马约拉纳零能模是马约拉纳费米子在凝聚态物理中的对应体。因具有拓扑稳定性，满足非阿贝尔统计成为拓扑量子计算的重要基本单元。以往研究表明在一定条件下超导表面一维磁性原子链末端有马约拉纳零能模存在。但其一维磁性原子链主要采用自组织生长的方法来制备，链长、链间距不可调，不利于马约拉纳零能模形成机制与相互作用研究，更不利于马约拉纳零能模的编织。本项目拟采用扫描隧道显微镜原子操纵方法自下而上地在超导衬底上构建不同链长、不同元素的磁性原子链、间距不同的原子双链及T型结，结合扫描隧道谱和自旋极化扫描隧道显微术研究马约拉纳零能模的形成机制、相互作用与编织，为探索拓扑量子计算做贡献。

Majorana zero mode (MZM) is the counterpart of Majorana Fermion in condensed matter physics. It is one of the key units of the topological computing due to its topological stability and exhibiting the non-Abelian statistics. One dimensional magnetic chains on superconductor have been shown to have the MZM at their two ends. In the past, the chains are mainly created by self-assembly growth. Since it is hard to vary the length of the chain and inter-distance between chains via self-assembly, it is difficult to study the formation mechanism and the interaction between MZMs, not to mention their braiding. To overcome these difficulties, we plan to utilize atomic manipulation to build the magnetic chains on superconductor substrates from the bottom-up and carry on further studies. More specifically, we plan to build atomic chains with different kind of magnetic atoms and with variable lengths, double chains with variable separations and T-junctions, and utilize the scanning tunnelling spectroscopy, spin polarized STM to study the formation mechanism of MZM, interaction between MZMs and their braiding.