母体IBD状态下母乳喂养对子代食物过敏的潜在影响研究

母乳喂养是婴幼儿早期塑造肠道粘膜免疫的“机会窗口期”，对后期食物过敏的发生具有重要的免疫学意义。本项目以女性妊娠期与哺乳期高发的炎症性肠道疾病（IBD）为切入点，从母婴传播角度探索母体不良健康状态下母乳成分的改变与子代发生食物过敏的内在关联。首先，鉴定IBD与健康母鼠中母乳免疫活性成分的差异；其次，探讨母乳喂养对幼鼠肠道通透性的改变以及肠道粘膜免疫中与食物过敏相关免疫细胞的变化；最后，以婴幼儿常见的牛乳过敏和鸡蛋过敏为对象，分别评价断奶后子鼠摄入牛乳和鸡蛋中主要过敏原β-乳球蛋白和卵白蛋白的过敏反应，综合评价IBD母乳喂养的子代发生食物过敏的风险性。本项目成果将诠释母体IBD状态下母乳喂养对子代未来发生食物过敏的潜在影响及其机制，为进一步科学认知婴幼儿食物过敏的母体风险因素提供科学依据，也必将有助于指导婴幼儿食物过敏的预防与控制。

Breastfeeding is a "window of opportunity" for shaping of intestinal mucosal immunity in infant’s early life, and plays an important immunological role in the later development of food allergy. In this proposal, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD, which has a high incidence during pregnancy and lactation) model was used to explore the intrinsic correlation between IBD mother's breastfeeding and food allergy in offspring. Firstly, the differences of immune components in breast milk between IBD mothers and healthy mothers were identified. Secondly, the effects of breast feeding on the intestinal permeability and immune cells related to food allergy during intestinal mucosal immunity were investigated. Finally, focus on the milk and egg allergy which are common in infants and children, the allergic reactions were evaluated after weaning mice ingested the main allergen β-lactoglobulin and ovalbumin, respectively. These results comprehensively evaluate the risk of food allergy in IBD breastfed offspring. This work aims to explain the potential mechanism of IBD mothers' breastfeeding impact the development of food allergy in offspring mice will be stated clearly, providing scientific understanding for further scientific cognition of breast milk risk factors of food allergy in infants and young children, and will also be helpful to guide the prevention and control of food allergy in infants and young children.