大麦籽粒淀粉形成的机理模型构建

淀粉是大麦重要品质指标。大麦籽粒淀粉形成模型是精确控制淀粉含量、实现优质高产的关键技术之一，目前关于此模型的研究尚属空白。我们正在进行的项目阶段成果表明，从分子生物学角度构建大麦品质形成模型是可行的。本研究打破依据“源、库、流”理论构建作物籽粒淀粉形成模型的思路，以调控淀粉形成关键酶ADP-葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶、淀粉合成酶和淀粉分支酶基因（HvAGPase，HvStS和HvSBE）相对表达量为主线，系统分析并量化了HvAGPase，HvStS和HvSBE相对表达量与籽粒淀粉和蔗糖含量以及氮肥水平、水分梯度、种植密度、播期处理、地理纬度等因素的关系；提出潜在基因相对表达量、基因表达持续期、基因表达起始点等具有生化遗传意义的模型参数，从分子生物学角度构建了大麦籽粒淀粉形成机理模型。模型将分子生物学与农业信息学相结合，丰富了作物生长模型研究的理论与实践，为构建作物籽粒淀粉形成模型探索新的研究思路。

Starch is an important quality indicator of barley. Precise control of starch content in grains is the primary task to achieve high quality and high yield of barley. The model establishment of starch formation in barley grains is one of the key technologies for the precise control of starch content, and the current research on the model establishment is still in blank. Our ongoing research shows that it is feasible to build a model of starch formation in barley grains by using molecular biology technology based on biochemical genetic process. Different from the thinking that the formation model of starch grains in crops was constructed based on the theory of “source, sink and flow”, this study will focus on determination of relative expression level of variation pattern of the key enzyme gene ( HvAGPase, HvStS and HvSBE) in the process of regulation starch formation. The relative expression levels of HvAGPase, HvStS and HvSBE and the content of starch and sucrose will be analyzed and quantified systematically. Some other external factors such as nitrogen levels, moisture gradient, planting density, sowing date and geographic latitude will also be evaluated in this study. Finally a series of model parameters with the biochemical genetic significance will be proposed including the relative gene expression, the gene expression duration, the gene expression start point, and so on. Then a model for study mechanisms of starch formation in barley grains will be established from the perspective of molecular biology. This model will combine the molecular biology technology with the agricultural informatics, enrich the theory and practice of crop growth model research, and explore the new research ideas for the establishment of the model of starch formation.