功能性LDHs吸附-催化剂研制及其去除典型全氟化合物的机制

吸附法是去除典型全氟化合物（PFCs）的有效方法之一，如何提高吸附效率、实现吸附剂回收与再生是吸附法的核心目标。其难点是：如何构建一种功能性固相界面，既能实现典型PFCs的高效吸附，又能实现吸附剂的有效回收与再生，并且在吸附剂再生过程中可同步催化降解目标污染物。为此，本项目拟以LDHs为基体，以稀土金属（La、Ce）为催化活性组分，构建可原位有效吸附典型PFCs、异位高效催化热降解PFCs的功能性LDHs吸附-催化剂。系统表征功能性LDHs吸附-催化剂的结构特征，优化材料的制备方法，阐明其对PFCs的原位吸附机制以及PFCs在异位的催化热降解效果，系统评价功能性LDHs材料吸附及催化热降解前后的结构及活性变化，提出基于功能性LDHs吸附-催化剂的净水方法及技术原理，实现水体中PFCs污染物的富集、回收、无害化处理和吸附材料循环利用。

Adsorption is one of the effective ways to remove representative perfluorinated compounds and its objective is to improve adsorption efficiency for the recovery and regeneration of adsorbent. The challenge of this strategy is to develop a functional solid interface, which could efficiently adsorb typical PFCs, be effectively recovered and regenerated, and be able to achieve catalytic degradation of target pollutants during the regeneration process. In this respect, the project will plan to use the layered double hydroxides (LDHs) supported rare-earth metals (La, Ce) as functional LDHs adsorbent-catalyst in order to preform efficient In-situ adsorption and heterogeneous catalytic degradation of PFCs. The intention of project is to systematically characterization of the functional LDHs adsorbent-catalyst, optimizing the synthesize method, clarifying the mechanism of in-situ adsorption and the effect of heterogeneous catalytic thermal degradation of PFCs, systematically evaluating the variation of structure and activity, proposing the reasonable water purification method and its principle based on the functional LDHs adsorbent-catalyst in order to achieve the enrichment, recycling and harmless treatment of PFCs in the water.