宇宙加速膨胀的研究

宇宙学观测（包括Ia型超新星、微波背景辐射和大尺度结构等）证实宇宙正处在加速膨胀的状态。早期宇宙的加速膨胀（暴涨）能够最简单经济的解决热大爆炸宇宙学的平坦性、视界和多余残留物等疑难。理解宇宙加速的物理起源是当前基础物理面临的一个既深刻又困难的问题。我们将聚焦于宇宙的加速（包括暗能量和早期宇宙暴涨）的基本物理问题，紧密结合理论和最新的普朗克卫星、大尺度结构以及超新星等数据来开展深入的研究。我们的研究主要包含以下几个个方面：1、从基本理论出发理解暗能量的物理本质；2、用最新的观测数据检验不同的暗能量模型；3、从理论和观测上区分暗能量和修改引力模型；4、构造和精确检验暴涨模型；5、寻找原初引力波的信号，并探索原初引力波扰动的基本物理特性；6、对普朗克卫星观测到的一些在大尺度上的反常现象提出物理解释。

Cosmological observations, including Type Ia supernovae, cosmic microwave background radiation, large-scale structure etc, confirm that the expansion of our universe is accelerating. Another period of cosmic acceleration which happened in the early universe, namely inflation, provides a simplest and the most economic mechanism to solve several puzzles, such as the flatness puzzle, the horizon puzzle and the unwanted relics, in the hot big bang model. Nowadays how to understand the nature of cosmic acceleration is one of the deepest problems in the fundamental physics. We will focus on some conceptual problems about the cosmic acceleration and try to understand the physics related to the cosmic acceleration by combing with the recent released Planck satellite data, large-scale structure data and Type Ia supernovae data etc. Our proposal mainly contains the following contents: 1, try to understand the nature of dark energy from the viewpoint of fundamental physics; 2, check different dark energy models by adopting the most recent cosmological observations data; 3, distinguish dark energy from modified gravity model; 4, construct and precisely check the inflation models; 5, hunt for the signal of primordial gravitational wave and figure out the basic properties of primordial gravitational wave; 6, explain some anomalies observed by Planck satellite on very large scales.