基于芬斯勒几何研究宇宙大尺度反常现象

普朗克卫星公布的宇宙微波背景辐射（CMB）的观测数据精确验证了基于宇宙学原理的标准宇宙学模型的众多预言，但是一些天文观测数据(包括普朗克卫星的观测数据)显示存在偏离宇宙学原理的反常现象。宇宙大尺度反常现象的研究已成为研究的热点，然而其物理机制尚未明确。本申请项目拟基于芬斯勒几何框架内建立的引力理论，分析宇宙大尺度反常现象，提出描述宇宙演化的芬斯勒度量，探索研究在芬斯勒引力理论框架内统一地解释宇宙演化各个阶段的大尺度反常现象。本申请项目拟重点研究芬斯勒引力对CMB的功率谱和极化的影响、对原初引力波的影响以及对宇宙加速膨胀阶段时空各向异性的影响，明确刻画宇宙各向异性的芬斯勒参数随宇宙演化的变化关系。在芬斯勒几何框架内研究和探索时空对称性和引力性质对揭示宇宙大尺度反常现象的物理机制有重要的科学意义，从理论上对宇宙大尺度反常现象的系统研究有助于检验芬斯勒几何框架内建立的引力理论的合理性。

The data of cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB) released by Planck collaboration precisely test the standard cosmological model based on the cosmological principle. However, astronomical observations (including the data released by Planck collaboration) show anomalous phenomena exist that break the cosmological principle. The study of large scale anomalies in the universe has become a hotspot in cosmological researches, but its physical mechanism is not yet clear. In this project, based on the gravitational theory established within the framework of the Finsler geometry, we will analyze the anomalous phenomena of the universe, suggest the Finslerian metric that describing the evolution of the universe, and establish the unified interpretation of the large scale anomalies at various stages of the evolution of the universe in Finslerian gravity. In this project, we will focus on studying the influence of Finsler gravity on the power spectrum and polarization of CMB, the influence on the primordial gravitational wave and the influence of spacetime anisotropy on the accelerated expansion stage of the universe, then obtain the value of Finslerian parameter that describing the cosmic anisotropy which is varied with respect to the evolution of the universe. It is of great scientific significance to reveal the physical mechanism of the large scale anomalies of the universe by studying the spacetime symmetry and gravitational properties in the framework of Finsler geometry. Systematic research on the large scale anomalies of the universe could test the validity of Finslerian gravity.