化学工业是我国工业污染的主要来源之一，采用绿色化工技术改造或替代传统生产工艺是从源头治理化学工业污染的最主要途径。采用反应精馏过程，可大大提高可逆反应的生产效率，并实现过程的绿色化。生物柴油是利用植物油、动物油及废弃油脂等可再生资源制备的一种绿色能源。针对传统的酯交换法生产生物柴油存在的问题，本项目提出采用可再生非食用的无患子籽油为原料，以功能化酸性离子液体(ILs)为催化剂、采用酯交换反应精馏工艺生产生物柴油的新思路。设计合成出高催化活性的酸性功能化ILs；评价ILs的催化活性及稳定性；阐明反应机理，建立催化反应动力学模型。最后，将合成出的ILs用于酯交换法反应精馏生产生物柴油，并评价生物柴油的性能。该研究对于提高酯交换反应生产生物柴油的反应活性及分离效率并实现其过程绿色化、解决石化能源危机具有理论和实际意义。

Chemical industry is one of the main sources of industrial pollution in China. The really effective approach to treat the chemical pollution from the original is to use the “green” chemical technology instead of the traditional production process in chemical engineering field. The production efficiency of the reversible reaction could be greatly improved and the “green” process could be achieved by developing the reactive distillation process. Biodiesel is a kind of green energy using renewable resources such as vegetable oil, animal oil and waste oil. Aiming at the problem existing in the traditional production of biodiesel by transesterification, a new idea was established as followings. Functionalized acidic ionic liquids (ILs) will be synthesized as catalysts and used in the above reactive distillation process. Design and synthesis of the functionalized acidic ILs with high catalytic activity based on the model reaction for the production of biodiesel by transesterification.The catalytic activity and stability of the functionalized acidic ILs will be evaluated. The catalytic mechanism will be clarified, and the model of the reaction kinetics will be established. Finally, functionalized acidic ILs will be used in reactive distillation for the preparation of biodiesel by transesterification, and the properties of the synthesized biodiesel will also be evaluated. In this study, not only will the functionalized acidic ILs be used in the reactive distillation process in order to improve transesterification activity and seperation efficiency of the production of biodiesel, thus the “green” process will be realized, but also it is of great theoretical and practical meaning for solving the fossil energy crisis.