基于线粒体能量代谢的苯乳酸抑制百合鳞茎米根霉作用机制研究

由米根霉浸染引起的百合鳞茎腐败是百合贮藏加工过程中的重要病害，目前化学抑菌剂存在安全隐患。开发新型、低毒、高效的米根霉抑制剂对于百合的生产具有重要意义。苯乳酸是乳酸菌代谢产生的一种新型天然抑菌剂，申请者前期通过表观鉴定和转录组数据发现它通过影响线粒体能量代谢抑制米根霉生长。本项目拟在前期研究基础上，研究苯乳酸处理前后米根霉线粒体的形态结构与功能、呼吸电子传递链、能量代谢关键酶和产物及细胞凋亡等方面的生理生化变化；结合比较蛋白组学技术检测苯乳酸处理后细胞线粒体能量代谢显著差异表达蛋白，借助同源建模与分子对接，确定苯乳酸抑制米根霉生长的线粒体能量代谢网络中的重要靶标，探究苯乳酸参与线粒体能量代谢作用的信号网络，分析苯乳酸处理诱导细胞线粒体凋亡途径；最终阐明基于线粒体能量代谢的苯乳酸抑制百合鳞茎米根霉的作用机制。研究成果将为腐败真菌的靶向控制及新型生物抑菌剂的开发和利用提供新的研究思路和基础。

Bulb rot, caused by Rhizopus oryzae, is an economically important postharvest disease in storage and processing of lily. To prevent bulb rot, chemical antifungal agents are routinely used, which caused many food safety issues. Therefore, it is necessary to explore effective and eco-friendly, normally safe fungicide alternatives against these pathogens. 3-Phenyllactic acid (PLA) is a new natural bacteriostatic agent produced by lactic acid bacteria, previous studies based on apparent identification and transcriptome data suggested that PLA inhibited Rhizopus oryzae by influencing mitochondrial energy metabolism. On the basis of the previous investiations, the objectives of the project were to study the physiological and biochemical changes of R. oryzae after PLA treatment in the structure and function, respiratory electron transport chain, key enzymes and metabolites involving in energy metabolism of mitochondria, cell apoptosis and so on. Combined with the results of differentially expressed proteins by proteomics, resorted homologous modeling and molecular docking, the important targets in the mitochondrial energy metabolism network of R. oryzae inhibited by PLA will be determined, the signal network of mitochondrial energy metabolism involved by PLA will be explored, and the pathway of mitochondrial apoptosis induced by PLA will be analyzed. Ultimately，the mechanism of inhibition of R. oryzae by PLA based on mitochondrial energy metabolism will be clarified. The research results will provide new research ideas and basis for the targeted control of putrefying fungi and faciliate the development of new biological preservatives.