分化综合征(DS)是APL患者在As2O3治疗过程中出现的威胁生命的严重并发症。鉴于DS的迅速进展及较高的死亡率，我们有必要寻找对DS的发生可起到早期、准确预测作用的标记物。目前已有关于微小RNA (miRNAs)在APL发病及治疗中作用的研究，但还没有针对miRNAs对APL患者DS发病预测作用的分析。本项目计划利用miRNAs芯片检测初发APL患者白血病细胞的miRNAs表达谱，根据患者经As2O3治疗后是否发生DS分为两组，利用生物信息学方法筛选可能与DS发病相关的目标miRNAs；对APL患者中目标miRNAs表达情况进行检测，验证其对DS发病的标记作用，以期实现对DS发病的早期预测；进一步寻找靶基因，分析目标miRNAs在DS发病中的作用，为利用miRNAs预测DS发病奠定理论基础。

Differentiation syndrome (DS) is a life-threatening complication of APL patients during As2O3 treatment. In view of the rapid progress and high mortality of DS, it is necessary to look for markers which can predict the occurrence of DS previously and accurately. Currently, there are researches about the role of microRNAs(miRNAs) in the occurrence and treatment of APL, but no analysis for the predictive function of miRNAs in DS. This project aims to detect miRNAs expression profile of leukemia cells from primary APL patients using miRNAs microarray, then divided the patients into two groups according to the occurrence of DS after As2O3 treatment and select target miRNAs by bioinformatics methods; detecting the expression of target miRNAs in APL patients and validating the marked role of target miRNAs in DS to achieve early prediction of the onset of DS; finding the target genes and analyzing the role of miRNAs played in the pathogenesis of DS in order to establish theoretical foundation for using miRNAs to predict DS.