木质素是木材中仅次于纤维素的化学成分，但其复杂的无定形结构致使大量木质素都被直接排入江河污染环境或浓缩后烧掉用以提供热量。木质素的纳米化能为木质素高值化利用提供新途径。本项目预在前期中空开口木质素微纳米球可控制备与形成机理研究的基础上，利用木质素高碳含量以及中空开口木质素微纳米球可调孔结构的优势，结合超级电容器电极材料面临的构建分级多孔结构和掺杂元素含量调控难、原料成本或毒性较高的问题，通过巯基-烯基点击反应实现组成中空开口木质素微纳米球的木质素分子之间产生化学交联，改善结构强度，同时进行氮/硫共掺杂，构建氮/硫共掺杂木质素基分级多孔微纳米碳球，揭示多孔结构和掺杂元素含量对木质素基微纳米碳球电极材料电容特性的影响机理，以期获得新型高比电容的超级电容器电极材料，为木质素的高值化应用乃至人工林木材综合利用提供新思路及基础研究储备。

Lignin is the second most abundant ingredient in wood after cellulose. However, a large amount of lignin is directly discharged into river or burnt for providing heat after enriching due to its complex structures. Recently, the author has researched the controllable preparation and formation mechanism of lignin hollow nanospheres with a single hole. In this project, the advantages of high carbon content of lignin and the controllable hole structure of the lignin hollow nanospheres will be applied. Exisiting some problems of supercapacitor electrode materials, which include a higher raw material costs or toxicity, and the diffculty of fabrication the hierarchical porous structure and controlling the doping element content, will be considered. The thiol-ene click reaction will be employed for realizing chemical crosslinking between lignin molecules, leading to the fact that the structure strength of the lignin hollow nanospheres will be improved. In the meantime, nitrogen and sulfur co-doping will be realized. The objective is to prepare nitrogen and sulfur co-doped lignin-based hierarchical porous micro-nano carbon spheres. The influence mechanism of porous structure and doping element content on the capacitance characteristic of micro-nano carbon spheres will be revealed. The author is hoping to obtain the new supercapacitor electrode material with high specific capacitance. This reasearch will provide new idea and research foundation for value-added application of lignin and even comprehensive application of plantation.