基于87Rb原子光频段拉比共振谱的气泡型原子功率标准研究

与将电磁场的频率锁定在原子跃迁谱上得到原子频率标准即原子钟类似，将电磁场的功率锁定在原子拉比共振谱上可以得到原子功率标准，从而提高电磁场强度的长期稳定度。目前，微波频段原子功率标准在原子钟、微波功率测量以及介电常数精密测量等领域得到了应用。但国际上还没有关于光频段原子功率标准研制报道。考虑到如今原子钟以及精密测量领域使用激光器已经相当广泛，并且对激光功率的稳定度要求越来越高，因此对光频段原子功率标准的研究具有重要的科研价值和应用前景。本项目拟采用气泡中87Rb蒸汽为介质，结合饱和吸收技术来研制87Rb原子光频段(S1/2,F=2-P3/2,F'=3)原子功率标准，并研究实验参数（调制系数、温度等）对拉比共振谱线型以及拉比频移影响的机理。通过参数优化后，预期实现激光功率的长期稳定度处于1E-5水平。该类气泡型原子功率标准容易在其他光频跃迁上实现并在原子钟和精密测量领域得到广泛应用。

In much the same way as the frequency of an electromagnetic field is stabilized to a atomic resonant transition in an atomic frequency standard or an atomic clock, the amplitude of a field can be stabilized to a atomic Rabi resonant spectrum in an atomic power standard. Such a power standard can improve the field's amplitude's long-term stability. At present, atomic power standards in the microwave regime have been used in the fields of atomic clocks, microwave power measurements, precision dielectric measurements and so on. However, there are no research reports about the atomic power standards in optical regime. Taking into account that lasers have been used extensively in the fields of atomic clocks and precision measurements where the requirements of laser's output power are more and more stable, the study of the optical atomic power standards meets the needs of the scientific researches and applications. The project intends to develop a kind of gas cell's atomic power standard based on the 87Rb atoms' optical transition (S1/2,F=2-P3/2,F'=3) with the saturated absorption technique and study the influences on Rabi resonance spectrum's shapes and shifts with the experimental parameters (modulation index, temperature etc.). By optimizing the parameters, the laser's long-term power stability is expected to achieve the level of 1E-5.Such a gas cell type atomic power stnadar can be easily realized in other optical transitions and widely used in the fields of atomic clocks and precision measurements.