汉维族重度饮酒者饮酒行为与ADH1、ALDH2、OPRM1、GABAA基因多态性的相关性研究

酒依赖与酒精滥用是高发、危害重大的精神障碍，在全球疾病总负担中，位于第三位。研究证明，除遗传因素外，饮酒方式特别是狂饮也是形成酒精相关问题的风险因素之一。个体对酒精的主观反应影响个体的饮酒行为，并且与酒依赖的易感性有关。本研究以汉、维族重度与轻度饮酒人群为对象进行酒精激发实验，研究不同民族间饮酒人群对酒精的主观反应的差异，及其与个体饮酒行为之间的关系。并对两民族饮酒者的酒精代谢相关基因如ADH1B基因 His47Arg位点、ADH1C*1位点和ALDH2基因Glu487Lys位点，以及酒药效相关基因如OPRM1基因的A118G （rs1799971），GABAA α6 Pro385Ser位点的多态性进行分析，探索它们与个体酒精主观反应和饮酒行为之间的相关性，从而研究酒依赖的分子生物学机制与环境、行为之间的关系，并为今后对具有酒依赖与酒精滥用高风险的个体制定个体化干预方案提供理论基础。

Alcohol dependence and abuse is a kind of mental disorder with high prevelance and a pathological behavior syndrome with serious hazard outcome. Alcohol use disorder is the third leading disease among the total risk factors that cause the total global disease burden. Mass research shew that constant binge and heavy drinking can also increase the risk of alcohol related problem in adult life besides the alcoholism family history. The subjective response to alcohol will influence an individual's drinking behaviour,and different subjective responses to alcohol perhaps relate to the susceptibility of alcohol dependence.Our study wants to observe the subjective response to alcohol in heavy and light social drinkers both in Han and Uyghur nationalities, and to find if some difference will exsit in the two ethnic drinkers.Moreover,we are also interested in that if the subjective response to alcohol will influence the individuals'attitude and behavior towards alcohol. Additional, we are also interested in the genes related to alcohol pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic processes, such as ADH1B, ALDH2, OPRM1, GABAA α6. So the difference in genetic polymorphisms of ADH1B His47Arg, ALDH2*2 Glu487Lys, OPRM1 A118G, and GABAA α6 (Pro385Ser)will be analyzed in heavy and light drinkers between Han and Uyghur ethnicity,and their relation with the subjective response to alcohol and heavy drinking also be analyzed. The goal of this study is to explore the underlying factor causing alcohol dependence and abuse especially the potential mechanism of genetic and environmental factors in alcohol dependence. Moreover to provide some proof for individualized interventions to people with high risk to develop into alcohol use disorder or dependence.